This paper presents a novel pre-compressed cruciform energy harvester (PCEH) with low resonant frequency, wide usable bandwidth, and large voltage peak. The doubly-symmetrical PCEH consists of a pre-compressed main beam with piezoelectric patches and two side beams with concentrated masses attached to free ends. The geometry of the introduced side beams and the pre-compressive force can effectively adjust the overall equivalent mass and stiffness of the proposed PCEH, which in turn affect key properties such as resonant frequency, voltage peak and usable bandwidth. Based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the electromechanically coupled theory, a mechanical model of the novel PCEH is proposed and developed to capture the effects of the side beam geometry and the pre-compressive force on key properties, and subsequently validated by finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments. A comparison between the PCEH and the commonly used pre-compressed energy harvester (PEH) with equal total mass reveals that the newly introduced side beams improve the performances of the PCEH. For example, when a 135N pre-compressive force is applied to both PEH and PCEH, the resonant frequency of the present PCEH is 43.52 % lower than that of the reference PEH by tuning the length of the side beam, and the voltage peak and usable bandwidth of the present PCEH are 149.35 % higher and 35.84 % wider than those of the reference PEH, respectively. A good agreement among the theoretical, FEA and experimental results of the present PCEH is fully verified.

本文提出了一种新型的预压缩十字形能量收集器（PCEH），它具有较低的谐振频率，较宽的可用带宽和较大的电压峰值。双对称PCEH由预压缩的主梁和压电梁组成，两个侧梁的集中质量附着在自由端。引入的侧梁的几何形状和预压缩力可以有效地调节所提议的PCEH的整体等效质量和刚度，进而影响关键特性，例如谐振频率，电压峰值和可用带宽。基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论和机电耦合理论，提出并开发了新型PCEH的力学模型，以捕获侧梁几何形状和预压缩力对关键性能的影响，然后通过有限元分析（FEA）和实验进行了验证。PCEH与总质量相等的常用预压缩能量收集器（PEH）之间的比较表明，新引入的侧梁提高了PCEH的性能。例如，当对PEH和​​PCEH施加135N的预压缩力时，通过调整侧梁的长度以及电压峰值和可用电压，当前PCEH的谐振频率比参考PEH的谐振频率低43.52％。当前PCEH的带宽分别比参考PEH高149.35％和35.84％。完全验证了本PCEH的理论，有限元分析和实验结果之间的良好一致性。PCEH与通常使用的总质量相等的预压缩能量收集器（PEH）之间的比较表明，新引入的侧梁提高了PCEH的性能。例如，当对PEH和​​PCEH施加135N的预压缩力时，通过调整侧梁的长度以及电压峰值和可用电压，当前PCEH的谐振频率比参考PEH的谐振频率低43.52％。当前PCEH的带宽分别比参考PEH高149.35％和35.84％。完全验证了本PCEH的理论，有限元分析和实验结果之间的良好一致性。PCEH与通常使用的总质量相等的预压缩能量收集器（PEH）之间的比较表明，新引入的侧梁提高了PCEH的性能。例如，当对PEH和​​PCEH施加135N的预压缩力时，通过调整侧梁的长度以及电压峰值和可用电压，当前PCEH的谐振频率比参考PEH的谐振频率低43.52％。当前PCEH的带宽分别比参考PEH高149.35％和35.84％。完全验证了本PCEH的理论，有限元分析和实验结果之间的良好一致性。通过调整边梁的长度，本PCEH的谐振频率比参考PEH的谐振频率低43.52％，并且本PCEH的电压峰值和可用带宽比参考PEH高149.35％，宽35.84％ PEH，分别。完全验证了本PCEH的理论，有限元分析和实验结果之间的良好一致性。通过调整边梁的长度，本PCEH的谐振频率比参考PEH的谐振频率低43.52％，并且本PCEH的电压峰值和可用带宽比参考PEH高149.35％，宽35.84％ PEH，分别。完全验证了本PCEH的理论，有限元分析和实验结果之间的良好一致性。