Abstract

Diet quality is associated with depression risk, however the possible role of dairy products in depression risk is unclear. A number of epidemiological studies have examined associations between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms, but results have been inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to examine whether an association exists between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms or disorders in adults. Anxiety symptoms were also explored as a secondary outcome. CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE complete, EMBASE, Scopus and PsycINFO databases were searched from database inception to December 2018. Studies were included if they used a case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort study design, and included community dwelling or institutionalized adults (≥18 years). Seven prospective and six cross-sectional studies (N = 58,203 participants) reported on the association between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms or disorders. Findings were mixed, with one study reporting a positive association; five studies reporting no association; and seven studies reporting mixed associations depending on dairy type, gender or population group. We found conflicting and inconsistent associations in studies that were generally of fair quality. Future longitudinal and intervention studies that employ more rigorous dietary assessment methods are warranted.

摘要

饮食质量与抑郁症风险相关，但乳制品在抑郁症风险中的可能作用尚不清楚。许多流行病学研究已经检查了乳制品消费与抑郁症状之间的关联，但结果并不一致。因此，本系统评价旨在检查乳制品消费与成人抑郁症状或疾病之间是否存在关联。焦虑症状也被探索为次要结果。CINAHL、Cochrane、MEDLINE complete、EMBASE、Scopus 和 PsycINFO 数据库从数据库开始到 2018 年 12 月进行了搜索。如果研究采用病例对照、横断面或队列研究设计，并且包括社区居住或机构化的成年人，则纳入研究。 ≥18 岁）。七项前瞻性研究和六项横断面研究（N  = 58,203 名参与者）报告了乳制品消费与抑郁症状或疾病之间的关联。结果好坏参半，一项研究报告了正相关；五项研究报告没有关联；和七项研究报告了取决于乳制品类型、性别或人群的混合关联。我们在质量一般的研究中发现了相互矛盾和不一致的关联。未来的纵向和干预研究采用更严格的饮食评估方法是必要的。