Background

Arabinoxylans (AXs) are important constituents of hemicelluloses in the endosperm and outer layers of cereal grains, including corn, wheat, rye, barley, oat and rice. The enzymatic hydrolysis of AXs yields arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides. Recently, structure–activity correlations between AX fine structural features and antioxidative activities, prebiotic potentials and immunomodulatory properties have been introduced.

Scope and approach

This review summarizes recent findings on the structural features of AXs from various cereal origins subjected to different extraction methods. The correlations between fine structural features (molecular mass, bound ferulic acid and arabinosyl substitutional positions) and the AXs’ biological activities (antioxidative activities, prebiotic potentials and immunomodulatory properties) are introduced. The prospects for future research on these topics are also discussed.

Key findings and conclusions

AXs exhibit very different characteristics, which are dependent on the cereal's origin and the extraction method. The three biological activities of AXs and arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides were closely correlated with their fine structural features. The bound ferulic acid mainly contributes to the antioxidant capacities of AXs. Arabinosyl substitutional position in the xylan backbone can target to alter the microbial population in the gut. The low molecular mass and arabinose substitution at the O-3 position mainly contribute to immunological properties.

中文翻译：

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谷物衍生的阿拉伯木聚糖：结构特征和构效关系

背景

阿拉伯木聚糖（AXs）是胚乳和谷物谷物（包括玉米，小麦，黑麦，大麦，燕麦和大米）的外层中半纤维素的重要成分。AX的酶促水解产生阿拉伯木聚糖-寡糖。最近，已经引入了AX精细结构特征与抗氧化活性，益生元电位和免疫调节特性之间的构效关系。

范围和方法

这篇综述总结了来自不同谷物来源的AXs的结构特征的最新发现，这些AXs采用了不同的提取方法。介绍了精细结构特征（分子量，结合的阿魏酸和阿拉伯糖基取代位置）与AXs的生物学活性（抗氧化活性，益生元电位和免疫调节特性）之间的关系。还讨论了有关这些主题的未来研究前景。

主要发现和结论

AX表现出非常不同的特性，这取决于谷物的来源和提取方法。AX和阿拉伯木聚糖低聚糖的三种生物活性与其优良的结构特征密切相关。结合的阿魏酸主要有助于AXs的抗氧化能力。木聚糖主链中的阿拉伯糖基取代位置可以靶向改变肠道中的微生物种群。O-3位的低分子量和阿拉伯糖取代主要有助于免疫学特性。