Abstract Aims To examine perceptions of extended‐release (XR) buprenorphine injections among people who regularly use opioids in Australia. Design Cross‐sectional survey prior to implementation. XR‐buprenorphine was registered in Australia in November 2018. Setting Sydney, Melbourne and Hobart. Participants A total of 402 people who regularly use opioids interviewed December 2017 to March 2018. Measurements Primary outcome concerned the proportion of participants who believed XR‐buprenorphine would be a good treatment option for them, preferred weekly versus monthly injections and perceived advantages/disadvantages of XR‐buprenorphine. Independent variables concerned the demographic characteristics and features of current opioid agonist treatment (OAT; medication‐type, dose, prescriber/dosing setting, unsupervised doses, out‐of‐pocket expenses and travel distance). Findings Sixty‐eight per cent [95% confidence interval (CI) = 63–73%] believed XR‐buprenorphine was a good treatment option for them. They were more likely to report being younger [26–35 versus > 55 years; odds ratio (OR) = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.12–8.89; P = 0.029], being female (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.04–2.69; P = 0.034), < 10 years school education (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.12–3.12; P = 0.016) and past‐month heroin (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.15–2.85; P = 0.006) and methamphetamine use (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.20–3.01; P = 0.006). Fifty‐four per cent reported no preference for weekly versus monthly injections, 7% preferred weekly and 39% preferred monthly. Among OAT recipients (n = 255), believing XR‐buprenorphine was a good treatment option was associated with shorter treatment episodes (1–2 versus ≥ 2 years; OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.26–12.22; P = 0.018), fewer unsupervised doses (≤ 8 doses past‐month versus no take‐aways; OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.27–0.93; P = 0.028) and longer travel distance (≥ 5 versus < 5 km; OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.20–3.65; P = 0.009). Sixty‐nine per cent reported ‘no problems or concerns’ with potential differences in availability, flexibility and location of XR‐buprenorphine. Conclusions Among regular opioid users in Australia, perceptions of extended‐release buprenorphine as a good treatment option are associated with being female, recent illicit drug use and factors relating to the (in)convenience of current opioid agonist treatment.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚经常使用阿片类药物的人对缓释丁丙诺啡注射剂治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的看法


摘要 目的 调查澳大利亚经常使用阿片类药物的人对缓释 (XR) 丁丙诺啡注射剂的看法。在实施之前设计横断面调查。 XR-丁丙诺啡于 2018 年 11 月在澳大利亚注册。地点为悉尼、墨尔本和霍巴特。参与者 2017 年 12 月至 2018 年 3 月期间采访了总共 402 名经常使用阿片类药物的人。 测量 主要结果涉及相信 XR-丁丙诺啡对他们来说是一个好的治疗选择的参与者比例、首选每周注射还是每月注射以及感知到的优点/缺点XR-丁丙诺啡。自变量涉及人口统计学特征和当前阿片类激动剂治疗的特征（OAT；药物类型、剂量、处方者/给药设置、无人监督剂量、自付费用和旅行距离）。结果 68% [95% 置信区间 (CI) = 63-73%] 认为 XR-丁丙诺啡对他们来说是一个很好的治疗选择。他们更有可能报告自己更年轻 [26-35 岁 vs > 55 岁；比值比 (OR) = 3.16，95% CI = 1.12–8.89； P = 0.029]，女性（OR = 1.67，95% CI = 1.04–2.69；P = 0.034），< 10 年学校教育（OR = 1.87，95% CI = 1.12–3.12；P = 0.016）和过去月海洛因（OR = 1.81，95% CI = 1.15–2.85；P = 0.006）和甲基苯丙胺使用（OR = 1.90，95% CI = 1.20–3.01；P = 0.006）。 54% 的受访者表示，与每月注射相比，没有偏好每周注射，7% 更喜欢每周注射，39% 更喜欢每月注射。在 OAT 接受者 (n = 255) 中，相信 XR-丁丙诺啡是一种良好的治疗选择与较短的治疗时间相关（1-2 年与 ≥ 2 年；OR = 3.93，95% CI = 1.26-12.22；P = 0。018）、更少的无人监督剂量（过去一个月≤ 8 剂与无外卖相比；OR = 0.50；95% CI = 0.27–0.93；P = 0.028）和更长的旅行距离（≥ 5 与 < 5 km；OR = 2.10，95% CI = 1.20–3.65；P = 0.009）。 69% 的受访者表示，XR-丁丙诺啡的可用性、灵活性和位置方面的潜在差异“没有问题或担忧”。结论 在澳大利亚的阿片类药物常规使用者中，将缓释丁丙诺啡视为良好治疗选择的看法与女性、近期非法药物使用以及与当前阿片类激动剂治疗（不）方便相关的因素有关。