In this work, we perform high accuracy measurements of thermophysical properties for the National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference material for 316L stainless steel. As these properties can be sensitive to small changes in elemental composition even within the allowed tolerances for an alloy class, by selecting a publicly available standard reference material for study our results are particularly useful for the validation of multiphysics models of industrial metal processes. An ohmic pulse-heating system was used to directly measure the electrical resistivity, enthalpy, density, and thermal expansion as functions of temperature. This apparatus applies high current pulses to heat wire-shaped samples from room temperature to metal vaporization. The great advantage of this particular pulse-heating apparatus is the very short experimental duration of 50 $$\upmu {{\hbox {s}}}$$ μ s , which is faster than the collapse of the liquid wire due to gravitational forces, as well as that it prevents any chemical reactions of the hot liquid metal with its surroundings. Additionally, a differential scanning calorimeter was used to measure specific heat capacity from room temperature to around 1400 K. All data are accompanied by uncertainties according to the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement.

中文翻译：

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固体和液体 NIST SRM 316L 不锈钢的热物理特性测量

在这项工作中，我们对美国国家标准与技术研究院 316L 不锈钢标准参考材料的热物理性能进行了高精度测量。由于即使在合金类别允许的公差范围内，这些特性也可能对元素组成的微小变化敏感，因此通过选择公开可用的标准参考材料进行研究，我们的结果对于验证工业金属过程的多物理场模型特别有用。欧姆脉冲加热系统用于直接测量作为温度函数的电阻率、焓、密度和热膨胀。该设备应用高电流脉冲将线状样品从室温加热到金属汽化。这种特殊的脉冲加热装置的巨大优势是 50 $$\upmu {{\hbox {s}}}$$ μ s 的非常短的实验持续时间，这比由于重力引起的液态金属丝的坍塌更快，以及防止高温液态金属与其周围环境发生任何化学反应。此外，差示扫描量热仪用于测量从室温到 1400 K 左右的比热容。根据测量不确定度表达指南，所有数据都伴随着不确定度。