Hepatic metabolites provide valuable information on the physiological state of an organism, and thus, they are monitored in many clinical situations. Typically, monitoring requires several analyses for each class of targeted metabolite, which is time consuming. The present study aimed to evaluate a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) method for obtaining quantitative measurements of aqueous and lipidic metabolites. We optimized the extraction protocol, the standard samples, and the organic solvents for the absolute quantification of lipid species. To validate the method, we analyzed metabolic profiles in livers of mice fed three different diets. We compared our results with values obtained with conventional methods and found strong correlations. The 1H-NMR protocol enabled the absolute quantification of 29 aqueous metabolites and eight lipid classes. Results showed that mice fed a diet enriched in saturated fatty acids had higher levels of triglycerides, cholesterol ester, monounsaturated fatty acids, lactate, 3-hydroxy-butyrate, and alanine and lower levels of glucose, compared to mice fed a control diet. In conclusion, proton NMR provided a rapid overview of the main lipid classes (triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, fatty acids) and the most abundant aqueous metabolites in liver.

中文翻译：

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质子NMR能够对独特的小鼠肝脏样品中的水代谢产物和脂质类进行绝对定量。

肝代谢物提供了有关生物体生理状态的有价值的信息，因此，它们在许多临床情况下都受到监测。通常，监测需要针对每种目标代谢物进行多次分析，这很耗时。本研究旨在评估质子核磁共振（1H-NMR）方法，以获得对水和脂质代谢产物的定量测量。我们对提取方案，标准样品和有机溶剂进行了优化，以对脂质种类进行绝对定量。为了验证该方法，我们分析了喂食三种不同饮食的小鼠肝脏的代谢谱。我们将我们的结果与传统方法获得的值进行了比较，并发现了很强的相关性。1H-NMR方案可对29种水性代谢物和8种脂质类别进行绝对定量。结果表明，与饲喂对照饮食的小鼠相比，饲喂富含饱和脂肪酸的饮食的小鼠甘油三酸酯，胆固醇酯，单不饱和脂肪酸，乳酸，3-羟基丁酸酯和丙氨酸的含量较高，而葡萄糖含量较低。总之，质子NMR提供了主要脂质类别（甘油三酸酯，胆固醇，磷脂，脂肪酸）和肝脏中最丰富的含水代谢产物的快速概述。