Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors worldwide. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. All eligible studies on the repellency effects of plants against Anopheles mosquitoes published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google scholar databases. Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5 h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8 h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world.

中文翻译：

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植物驱避剂对不同按蚊物种的有效性：系统评价。

植物性驱虫剂在传统实践中已经应用了好几代，作为针对不同种类按蚊的个人保护方法。对传统驱虫植物的了解是开发新天然产品作为化学驱虫剂替代品的重要资源。许多研究报告了植物提取物或精油对全世界疟疾病媒具有驱避活性的证据。这项系统评价旨在评估植物驱虫剂对按蚊的有效性。截至 2018 年 7 月发表的所有关于植物对按蚊驱避效果的合格研究均通过 PubMed/Medline、Scopus 和 Google 学者数据库进行了系统检索。结果测量是排斥百分比和保护时间。共有 62 项试验符合纳入标准。川芎提取物的驱避效果最高，其次是香茅油、松树油、黄檀油、薄荷油和红树油，完全防护时间为 9.1 至 11.5 小时。此外，来自植物的精油如薰衣草、樟脑、猫薄荷、天竺葵、茉莉花、阔叶桉树、柠檬草、柠檬香桉树、阿米香树、窄叶桉树、胡萝卜素、雪松、洋甘菊、肉桂油、杜松子、白玉兰、大豆、迷迭香、白千层、橄榄、万寿菊、紫罗兰、檀香、木姜子、白松香和姜黄也表现出良好的驱避性，​​对不同种类的按蚊均具有8小时的完全驱避性。一些植物的精油和提取物可以配制用于开发针对按蚊物种的环保驱虫剂。植物油未来可能成为合成驱虫剂的合适替代品，因为它们相对安全、廉价，并且在世界许多地方都很容易获得。