Plant-derived elicitor is a new type of plant vaccine developed in the contemporary era, and it has safe and broad application prospects in organic agriculture. Research on defense mechanisms triggered by elicitor has become a hot topic in recent years. The Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide (CIP) obtained by separation and purification from Chrysanthemum indicum was used as an elicitor in this work. This elicitor has been shown to be effective in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (A. macrocephala) against Sclerotium rolfsii sacc (S. rolfsii) infection and soil-borne diseases. However, the mechanism of induced disease resistance has not been elucidated. In this research, we study the CIP-induced A. macrocephala defense response from the level of signal molecules and the defensive enzyme gene expression. Several defense responses to CIP treatment have been found in A. macrocephala, including early hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and increased phytoalexin (PA) content. In addition, CIP significantly increased the activity of related defense enzymes in A. macrocephala. RT-qPCR analysis showed that defense-related genes such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were up-regulated after CIP treatment. To obtain the sequence of the defense enzyme gene, we are the first to provide a public and comprehensive A. macrocephala database by transcriptome sequencing. These results together demonstrate that CIP triggers defense responses in A. macrocephala. Our research not only provides further research on immune mechanism between plant and elicitor, but also sheds new light on strategy for biocontrol in the future.

中文翻译：

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CIP 诱导物对 A. macrocephala 防御反应及其相关基因表达分析

植物源诱导剂是当代发展起来的新型植物疫苗，在有机农业中具有安全和广阔的应用前景。诱导子引发的防御机制研究已成为近年来的热门话题。从菊花中分离纯化得到的菊花多糖 (CIP) 用作本工作的诱导物。该诱导物已被证明对大头白术 (A. macrocephala) 有效对抗 Sclerotium rolfsii sacc (S. rolfsii) 感染和土传疾病。然而，诱导抗病性的机制尚未阐明。本研究从信号分子水平和防御酶基因表达水平研究CIP诱导的大头蠊防御反应。在 A. macrocephala 中发现了对 CIP 处理的几种防御反应，包括过氧化氢 (H2O2) 的早期产生、水杨酸 (SA) 的积累和植物抗毒素 (PA) 含量的增加。此外，CIP 显着增加了 A. macrocephala 中相关防御酶的活性。RT-qPCR 分析表明，CIP 处理后多酚氧化酶 (PPO) 和苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL) 等防御相关基因上调。为了获得防御酶基因的序列，我们率先通过转录组测序提供了一个公开的、全面的A. macrocephala 数据库。这些结果共同表明 CIP 会触发 A. macrocephala 的防御反应。我们的研究不仅为植物与激发子之间的免疫机制提供了进一步的研究，