BACKGROUND Little is known about patient risk factors associated with environmental contamination. AIM To evaluate the rate of environmental contamination and to investigate individual risk factors. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted. Each day, five rooms occupied by patients were selected. Five critical surfaces were systematically swabbed twice a day before and after cleaning. Clinical characteristics of all patients were collected. Logisitic regression was performed to evaluate the association between environmental contamination and patients' characteristics. FINDINGS A total of 107 consecutive patients were included and 1052 environmental samples were performed. Nineteen (18%) patients were known previously colonized/infected with a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO). Respectively, 723 (69%) and 112 (11%) samples grew with ≥1 and >2.5 cfu/cm2 bacteria, resulting in 62 (58%) contaminated rooms. Considering positive samples with at least one pathogenic bacterium, 16 (15%) rooms were contaminated. By univariate and multivariate analysis, no variables analysed were associated with the environmental contamination. Considering contaminated rooms with >2.5 cfu/cm2, three factors were protective for environmental contamination: known MDRO carriers/infected patients (odds ratio: 0.25; 95% confidence interval: 0.09-0.72; P = 0.01), patients with urinary catheter (0.19; 0.04-0.89; P = 0.03) and hospitalization in single room (0.3; 0.15-0.6; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study was conducted in a non-outbreak situation and showed a low rate of environmental contamination with pathogenic bacteria. Only 11% of environmental samples grew with >2.5 cfu/cm2, and they were related to non-pathogenic bacteria. No risk factors associated with environmental contamination were identified.

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可以通过与患者相关的特定特征来解释环境污染吗？

背景技术关于与环境污染相关的患者危险因素知之甚少。目的评估环境污染率并调查个别危险因素。方法进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。每天，选择五个病人所占据的房间。每天清洁前后两次系统擦拭五个关键表面。收集所有患者的临床特征。进行逻辑回归分析以评估环境污染与患者特征之间的关联。研究结果共纳入107名连续患者，并进行了1052份环境样本。已知有19名（18％）患者先前曾被多药耐药生物（MDRO）定植/感染。分别，723个（69％）和112个（11％）样本在细菌≥1和> 2.5 cfu / cm2的情况下生长，导致62个房间（58％）被污染。考虑到带有至少一种病原细菌的阳性样本，有16个（15％）的房间被污染了。通过单变量和多变量分析，没有分析变量与环境污染相关。考虑到污染的房间> 2.5 cfu / cm2，三个因素可以保护环境免受污染：已知的MDRO携带者/被感染的患者（几率：0.25； 95％置信区间：0.09-0.72； P = 0.01），导尿管患者（0.19） ； 0.04-0.89； P = 0.03）和在单人房住院（0.3； 0.15-0.6； P <0.001）。结论这项研究是在非暴发情况下进行的，表明病原菌对环境的污染率很低。仅11％的环境样品以> 2.5 cfu / cm2的速度生长，并且与非病原细菌有关。没有发现与环境污染有关的危险因素。