Recent progress in "omics" methodologies allow us to gain insight into the complex molecular regulatory networks underlying plant responses to environmental stresses. Among the different genome-wide analysis, epigenomics is the most under-investigated "omic" approach requiring more critical and speculative discussion about approaches, methods and experimental designs. Epigenomics allows us to gain insight into the molecular adaptation of plants in response to environmental stresses. The identification of epigenetic marks transmitted during filial generations enables new theories to be developed on the evolution of living organisms in relation to environmental changes. The molecular mechanisms driving the capacity of plants to memorize a stress and to generate stress-resistant progenies are still unclear and scarcely investigated. The elucidation of these cryptic molecular switches will assist breeders in designing crops characterized by minimally compromised productivity in relation to stresses caused by climate change. The aim of this review is to briefly describe the most uptodate epigenomic approaches, update recent progresses in crop epigenomics in plant stress biology, and to stimulate the discussion of new epigenomic methods and approaches in the new era of "omic" sciences.

中文翻译：

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表观基因组时代的植物逆境生物学

“组学”方法学的最新进展使我们能够深入了解植物对环境压力反应的复杂分子调控网络。在不同的全基因组分析中，表观基因组学是研究最少的“组学”方法，需要对方法、方法和实验设计进行更多批判性和推测性讨论。表观基因组学使我们能够深入了解植物响应环境压力的分子适应性。鉴定在子代过程中传递的表观遗传标记，可以开发关于生物体与环境变化相关的进化的新理论。驱动植物记忆胁迫能力和产生抗胁迫后代能力的分子机制仍不清楚，也很少被研究。阐明这些神秘的分子开关将有助于育种者设计作物，其特点是与气候变化引起的压力相关的生产力损失最小。本综述的目的是简要描述最新的表观基因组学方法，更新植物胁迫生物学中作物表观基因组学的最新进展，并在“组学”科学的新时代激发对新表观基因组方法和方法的讨论。