Common respiratory viral infections (CRVIs) frequently complicate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We conducted a retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study to determine the incidence of CRVI in patients who received an allogeneic (allo) or autologous (auto) HSCT at the Royal Adelaide Hospital between 2009 and 2017. The median follow-up was 8.9 and 4.5 years for auto- and allo-HSCT recipients, respectively. There were 149 CRVI episodes in 74 patients, with rhinovirus being the most commonly isolated virus (n = 81, 47%). The majority of CRVIs (113/149, 75.8%) occurred more than 100 days post-HSCT and 67% were diagnosed in the outpatient setting. There was evidence of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in 45.6% (68/149) of CRVIs. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, coviral infections and cytomegalovirus viremia were independent risk factors for progression of CRVI to LRTI. Ten (6.7%) CRVI episodes resulted in admission to intensive care for ventilatory support and 8 (5.4%) patients died within 30 days of CRVI diagnosis. In our study, 10.4% of HSCT recipients experienced a CRVI post-transplant, primarily causing late morbidity and potentially mortality. Prevention with strict infection control practices, vaccination, and patient education is essential.

中文翻译：

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呼吸道病毒在造血干细胞移植的收件人中引起晚期发病。

常见的呼吸道病毒感染（CRVI）通常使造血干细胞移植（HSCT）复杂化。我们进行了一项回顾性，单中心，观察性队列研究，以确定2009年至2017年间在皇家阿德莱德医院接受异基因（自体）或自体（自体）HSCT的患者中CRVI的发生率。中位随访率为8.9自动和同种HSCT接收者分别为4.5年和4.5年。74例患者中有149次CRVI发作，其中鼻病毒是最常见的分离病毒（n = 81，47％）。大多数CRVI（113 / 149，75.8％）发生在HSCT后100天以上，而67％在门诊中被诊断出。有证据显示CRVIs中有45.6％（68/149）的下呼吸道感染（LRTI）。在多元逻辑回归分析中，病毒感染和巨细胞病毒血症是CRVI演变为LRTI的独立危险因素。10例（6.7％）CRVI发作导致接受通气支持的重症监护，并且8例（5.4％）患者在CRVI诊断后30天内死亡。在我们的研究中，有10.4％的HSCT接受者在移植后经历了CRVI，主要导致晚期发病和潜在的死亡。必须通过严格的感染控制措施，疫苗接种和患者教育进行预防。