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Pathogenesis of platinum-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: Insights from preclinical studies.
Experimental Neurology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113141
Aina Calls 1 , Valentina Carozzi 2 , Xavier Navarro 1 , Laura Monza 3 , Jordi Bruna 4
Affiliation  

One of the most relevant dose-limiting adverse effects of platinum drugs is the development of a sensory peripheral neuropathy that highly impairs the patients' quality of life. Nowadays there are no available efficacy strategies for the treatment of platinum-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (PIPN), and the only way to prevent its development and progression is by reducing the dose of the cytostatic drug or even withdrawing the chemotherapy regimen. This clinical issue has been the main focus of hundreds of preclinical research works during recent decades. As a consequence, dozens of in vitro and in vivo models of PIPN have been developed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in its development and to find neuroprotective targets. The apoptosis of peripheral neurons has been identified as the main mechanism involved in PIPN pathogenesis. This mechanism of DRG sensory neurons cell death is triggered by the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA platination together with the increase of the oxidative cellular status induced by the depletion of cytoplasmic antioxidant mechanisms. However, since there has been no successful transfer of preclinical results to clinical practise in terms of therapeutic approaches, some mechanisms of PIPN pathogenesis still remain to be elucidated. This review is focused on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying PIPN described up to now, provided by the critical analysis of in vitro and in vivo models.

中文翻译:

铂引起的周围神经毒性的发病机制:临床前研究的见解。

铂类药物最相关的剂量限制副作用之一是感觉神经末梢神经病的发展,该病严重损害了患者的生活质量。如今,尚无可用于治疗铂诱发的周围神经毒性(PIPN)的功效策略,而防止其发展和进展的唯一方法是减少细胞抑制药物的剂量,甚至退出化疗方案。近几十年来,这一临床问题一直是数百项临床前研究工作的主要重点。结果,已经开发了数十种PIPN的体外和体内模型,以阐明参与其发展的分子机制并找到神经保护靶标。外周神经元的凋亡已被确定为PIPN发病机理的主要机制。DRG感觉神经元细胞死亡的这种机制是由核和线粒体DNA电镀触发的,以及由细胞质抗氧化剂机制耗竭引起的氧化细胞状态增加。然而,由于就治疗方法而言,尚未将临床前结果成功转移至临床实践,因此PIPN发病机理的某些机制仍有待阐明。这篇综述的重点是迄今为止描述的PIPN的致病机制,这是通过对体内和体外模型进行严格分析而提供的。DRG感觉神经元细胞死亡的这种机制是由核和线粒体DNA电镀触发的,以及由细胞质抗氧化剂机制耗竭引起的氧化细胞状态增加。然而,由于就治疗方法而言,尚未将临床前结果成功转移至临床实践,因此PIPN发病机理的某些机制仍有待阐明。这篇综述的重点是迄今为止描述的PIPN的致病机制,这是通过对体内和体外模型进行严格分析而提供的。DRG感觉神经元细胞死亡的这种机制是由核和线粒体DNA电镀触发的,以及由细胞质抗氧化剂机制耗竭引起的氧化细胞状态增加。然而,由于就治疗方法而言,尚未将临床前结果成功转移至临床实践,因此PIPN发病机理的某些机制仍有待阐明。这篇综述的重点是迄今为止描述的PIPN的致病机制,这是通过对体内和体外模型进行严格分析而提供的。PIPN发病机理的一些机制仍有待阐明。这篇综述的重点是迄今为止描述的PIPN的致病机制,这是通过对体内和体外模型进行严格分析而提供的。PIPN发病机理的一些机制仍有待阐明。这篇综述的重点是迄今为止描述的PIPN的致病机制,这是通过对体内和体外模型进行严格分析而提供的。
更新日期:2019-12-20
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