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PEROXIREDOXIN Q stimulates the activity of the chloroplast 16:1Δ3trans FATTY ACID DESATURASE4.
The Plant Journal ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 , DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14657
Patrick J Horn 1 , Montgomery D Smith 1, 2 , Tessa R Clark 1, 3 , John E Froehlich 1, 3 , Christoph Benning 1, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Thylakoid membrane lipids, comprised of glycolipids and the phospholipid phosphatidylglycerol (PG), are essential for normal plant growth and development. Unlike other lipid classes, chloroplast PG in nearly all plants contains a substantial fraction of the unusual trans fatty acid 16:1Δ3trans or 16:1t. We determined that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, 16:1t biosynthesis requires both FATTY ACID DESATURASE4 (FAD4) and a thylakoid-associated redox protein, PEROXIREDOXIN Q (PRXQ), to produce wild-type levels of 16:1t. The FAD4-PRXQ biochemical relationship appears to be very specific in planta, as other fatty acids (FA) desaturases do not require peroxiredoxins for their activity, nor does FAD4 require other chloroplast peroxiredoxins under standard growth conditions. Although most of chloroplast PG assembly occurs at the inner envelope membrane, FAD4 was primarily associated with the thylakoid membranes facing the stroma. Furthermore, co-production of PRXQ with FAD4 was required to produce Δ3-desaturated FAs in yeast. Alteration of the redox state of FAD4 or PRXQ through site-directed mutagenesis of conserved cysteine residues impaired Δ3 FA production. However, these mutations did not appear to directly alter disulfide status of FAD4. These results collectively demonstrate that the production of 16:1t is linked to the redox status of the chloroplast through PRXQ associated with the thylakoids.

中文翻译:

过氧化物酶Q刺激叶绿体16:1Δ3trans脂肪酸脱饱和酶4的活性。

由糖脂和磷脂磷脂酰甘油(PG)组成的类囊体膜脂质对于正常植物的生长和发育至关重要。与其他脂质类不同,几乎所有植物中的叶绿体PG都含有不寻常的反式脂肪酸16:1Δ3trans或16:1t的很大一部分。我们确定,在拟南芥中,16:1t的生物合成需要脂肪酸脱饱和酶4(FAD4)和类囊体相关的氧化还原蛋白PEROXIREDOXIN Q(PRXQ)才能产生16:1t的野生型水平。FAD4-PRXQ生化关系在植物中似乎非常特殊,因为在标准生长条件下,其他脂肪酸(FA)脱氢酶不需要其过氧化物酶,而FAD4也不需要其他叶绿体过氧化物酶。尽管大多数叶绿体PG的组装都发生在内包膜上,FAD4主要与面对基质的类囊体膜有关。此外,需要PRXQ与FAD4的共同生产以在酵母中产生Δ3-去饱和的FA。FAD4或PRXQ的氧化还原状态通过保守的半胱氨酸残基的定点诱变而改变,从而削弱了Δ3FA的产生。但是,这些突变似乎并不直接改变FAD4的二硫键状态。这些结果共同证明16:1t的产生通过与类囊体相关的PRXQ与叶绿体的氧化还原状态有关。FAD4或PRXQ的氧化还原状态通过保守的半胱氨酸残基的定点诱变而改变,从而削弱了Δ3FA的产生。但是,这些突变似乎并未直接改变FAD4的二硫键状态。这些结果共同证明16:1t的产生通过与类囊体相关的PRXQ与叶绿体的氧化还原状态有关。通过对保守的半胱氨酸残基进行定点诱变,改变FAD4或PRXQ的氧化还原状态会损害Δ3FA的产生。但是,这些突变似乎并未直接改变FAD4的二硫键状态。这些结果共同证明16:1t的产生通过与类囊体相关的PRXQ与叶绿体的氧化还原状态有关。
更新日期:2019-12-19
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