Plasma membranes provide a highly selective environment for a large number of transmembrane and membrane-associated proteins. Whereas the lateral movement of proteins in this lipid bilayer is possible, it is rather limited in turgid and cell wall-shielded plant cells. However, membrane-resident signaling processes occur on sub-second scales that cannot be explained by simple diffusion models. Accordingly, several receptors and other membrane-associated proteins are organized and functional in membrane nanodomains. Although the general presence of membrane nanodomains has become a widely-accepted fact, fundamental functional aspects, the roles of individual lipid species and their interplay with proteins, and aspects of nanodomain maintenance and persistence remain poorly understood. Here, we review the current knowledge of nanodomain organization and function, with a particular focus on signaling processes involving proteins, lipids, and their interactions. Furthermore, we propose new and hypothetical aspects of plant membrane biology that we consider important for future research.

中文翻译：

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血浆膜的纳米级组织及其在信号传导中的重要性：蛋白脂观点。

质膜为大量的跨膜和膜相关蛋白提供了高度选择性的环境。尽管在此脂质双分子层中蛋白质可能会发生横向移动，但在囊状和细胞壁保护的植物细胞中却受到相当大的限制。但是，膜驻留信号过程发生在亚秒级范围内，无法通过简单的扩散模型来解释。因此，几种受体和其他与膜相关的蛋白质在膜纳米结构域中被组织并起作用。尽管膜纳米结构域的普遍存在已成为广为接受的事实，但对基本功能方面，各个脂质种类的作用及其与蛋白质的相互作用以及纳米结构域维持和持久性的方面仍知之甚少。这里，我们回顾了有关纳米域组织和功能的当前知识，特别关注涉及蛋白质，脂质及其相互作用的信号传导过程。此外，我们提出了植物膜生物学的新的和假设的方面，我们认为它们对未来的研究很重要。