Objective Gastrointestinal microbiota may be involved in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer development. The aim of this study was to explore the possible microbial mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis and potential dysbiosis arising from H. pylori infection. Design Deep sequencing of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to investigate alterations in paired gastric biopsies and stool samples in 58 subjects with successful and 57 subjects with failed anti-H. pylori treatment, relative to 49 H. pylori negative subjects. Results In H. pylori positive subjects, richness and Shannon indexes increased significantly (both p<0.001) after successful eradication and showed no difference to those of negative subjects (p=0.493 for richness and p=0.420 for Shannon index). Differential taxa analysis identified 18 significantly altered gastric genera after eradication. The combination of these genera into a Microbial Dysbiosis Index revealed that the dysbiotic microbiota in H. pylori positive mucosa was associated with advanced gastric lesions (chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia) and could be reversed by eradication. Strong coexcluding interactions between Helicobacter and Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Prevotella, Veillonella, Rothia were found only in advanced gastric lesion patients, and were absent in normal/superficial gastritis group. Changes in faecal microbiota included increased Bifidobacterium after successful H. pylori eradication and more upregulated drug-resistant functional orthologs after failed treatment. Conclusion H. pylori infection contributes significantly to gastric microbial dysbiosis that may be involved in carcinogenesis. Successful H. pylori eradication potentially restores gastric microbiota to a similar status as found in uninfected individuals, and shows beneficial effects on gut microbiota.

中文翻译：

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幽门螺杆菌对胃肠道微生物群的影响：基于胃癌高发区临朐的人群研究

目的胃肠道微生物群可能参与幽门螺杆菌相关胃癌的发展。本研究的目的是探讨幽门螺杆菌感染引起的胃癌发生和潜在生态失调中可能的微生物机制。设计 微生物 16S 核糖体 RNA 基因的深度测序用于研究 58 名抗 H 成功受试者和 57 名受试者的配对胃活检和粪便样本的变化。pylori 治疗，相对于 49 H. pylori 阴性受试者。结果在H. pylori阳性受试者中，成功根除后，丰富度和香农指数显着增加（均p<0.001），与阴性受试者无差异（丰富度p=0.493，香农指数p=0.420）。差异分类群分析确定了 18 个在根除后显着改变的胃属。将这些属组合成微生物失调指数表明，幽门螺杆菌阳性粘膜中的失调微生物群与晚期胃病变（慢性萎缩性胃炎和肠上皮化生/发育不良）有关，并且可以通过根除来逆转。幽门螺杆菌与梭杆菌、奈瑟菌、普氏菌、韦永菌、罗氏菌之间的强排除相互作用仅在晚期胃病变患者中发现，正常/浅表性胃炎组不存在。粪便微生物群的变化包括成功根除幽门螺杆菌后双歧杆菌增加和治疗失败后更多上调的耐药功能直向同源物。结论 H。pylori 感染显着导致可能与致癌作用有关的胃微生物失调。成功根除 H. pylori 可能会将胃微生物群恢复到与未感染个体相似的状态，并对肠道微生物群产生有益影响。