Metal-free carbon catalysts with excellent catalytic performance have drawn much research attention recently. Herein, polymer-derived N,S co-doped carbon catalysts (PDNSC-X) with a hierarchically porous structure were facilely prepared by a cost-effective and convenient strategy via carbonization of a N- and S atom-containing polymer precursor and were subsequently used as efficient metal-free catalysts. The catalytic activity of the as-fabricated PDNSC-800 was greater than those of other reported heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts in catalytic reduction of various nitroarenes. The high catalytic activity of PDNSC-800 was related to the synergistic effects of a high surface area, a hierarchically porous structure, abundant N- and S-containing active sites, and defect formation. In addition, the close relationship between the N species (especially pyrrolic N) and high selectivity in metal-free catalytic synthesis was investigated in the reduction of nitroarenes and selective oxidation of ethylbenzene. This study may provide a new strategy to fabricate specific heteroatom-doped metal-free carbon catalysts for environmentally friendly efficient organic transformation.

中文翻译：

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N，S共掺杂的分级多孔碳材料，可实现高效的无金属催化

具有优异催化性能的无金属碳催化剂近来引起了很多研究关注。在此，通过具有成本效益和方便的策略，通过具有成本效益和方便的策略，容易地制备了聚合物，并获得了具有分层多孔结构的N，S共掺杂碳催化剂（PDNSC- X）。含N和S原子的聚合物前体的碳化，随后被用作有效的无金属催化剂。所制造的PDNSC-800在催化还原各种硝基芳烃方面的催化活性要高于其他报道的杂原子掺杂的碳催化剂。PDNSC-800的高催化活性与高表面积，分层多孔结构，丰富的含N和S的活性位以及缺陷形成的协同效应有关。此外，在还原硝基芳烃和选择性氧化乙苯的过程中，研究了N物种（尤其是吡咯N）与高选择性在无金属催化合成中的密切关系。