Quaternary Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles of high quality have been synthesized utilizing rotary evaporation technique. The volume of the solvent, oleylamine (OLM), was found to affect the morphological, structural and electrical characteristics of the synthesized structures. The materials were characterized using various analytical techniques. XRD patterns and Raman measurements reveal that CZTS nanoparticles exist in a crystalline state with a kesterite structure. For OLM of 6 mL, transmission electron microscopy reveals the formation of spherical CZTS nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the nanocrystal thin films clearly shows a crack-free, uniform-grain thin film with a particle size in the range between 1 and 2 µm. Ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV–Vis–NIR) spectra showed a direct band gap of 1.47 eV, which is close to the optimum value required for photovoltaic applications. The current synthetic strategy is rapid and simple, and it can be utilized for commercial application. Solar cells were built using the structure glass/Mo/CZTS/CdS/i-ZnO/AZO/Ag and were found to exhibit a conversion efficiency of about 2%.

中文翻译：

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用于太阳能电池的溶液处理球状 Cu2ZnSnS4 纳米粒子：油胺浓度对性能的影响

已经利用旋转蒸发技术合成了高质量的四元 Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) 纳米粒子。发现溶剂油胺 (OLM) 的体积会影响合成结构的形态、结构和电学特性。使用各种分析技术表征材料。XRD 图案和拉曼测量表明，CZTS 纳米颗粒以具有锌黄锡矿结构的结晶状态存在。对于 6 mL 的 OLM，透射电子显微镜显示球形 CZTS 纳米粒子的形成。纳米晶体薄膜的扫描电子显微镜分析清楚地显示出无裂纹、均匀晶粒的薄膜，其粒径范围在 1 到 2 µm 之间。紫外-可见-近红外（UV-Vis-NIR）光谱显示直接带隙为 1.47 eV，这接近光伏应用所需的最佳值。目前的合成策略快速简单，可用于商业应用。太阳能电池是使用玻璃/Mo/CZTS/CdS/i-ZnO/AZO/Ag 结构构建的，并且发现其转换效率约为 2%。