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Impact of P inputs on source-sink P dynamics of sediment along an agricultural ditch network.
Journal of Environmental Management ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109988 G Ezzati 1 , O Fenton 2 , M G Healy 3 , L Christianson 4 , G W Feyereisen 5 , S Thornton 6 , Q Chen 7 , B Fan 7 , J Ding 7 , K Daly 2
Journal of Environmental Management ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109988 G Ezzati 1 , O Fenton 2 , M G Healy 3 , L Christianson 4 , G W Feyereisen 5 , S Thornton 6 , Q Chen 7 , B Fan 7 , J Ding 7 , K Daly 2
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Phosphorus (P) loss from intensive dairy farms is a pressure on water quality in agricultural catchments. At farm scale, P sources can enter in-field drains and open ditches, resulting in transfer along ditch networks and delivery into nearby streams. Open ditches could be a potential location for P mitigation if the right location was identified, depending on P sources entering the ditch and the source-sink dynamics at the sediment-water interface. The objective of this study was to identify the right location along a ditch to mitigate P losses on an intensive dairy farm. High spatial resolution grab samples for water quality, along with sediment and bankside samples, were collected along an open ditch network to characterise the P dynamics within the ditch. Phosphorus inputs to the ditch adversely affected water quality, and a step change in P concentrations (increase in mean dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) from 0.054 to 0.228 mg L-1) midway along the section of the ditch sampled, signalled the influence of a point source entering the ditch. Phosphorus inputs altered sediment P sorption properties as P accumulated along the length of the ditch. Accumulation of bankside and sediment labile extractable P, Mehlich 3 P (M3P) (from 13 to 97 mg kg-1) resulted in a decrease in P binding energies (k) to < 1 L mg-1 at downstream points and raised the equilibrium P concentrations (EPC0) from 0.07 to 4.61 mg L-1 along the ditch. The increase in EPC0 was in line with increasing dissolved and total P in water, demonstrating the role of sediment downstream in this ditch as a secondary source of P to water. Implementation of intervention measures are needed to both mitigate P loss and remediate sediment to restore the sink properties. In-ditch measures need to account for a physicochemical lag time before improvements in water quality will be observed.
中文翻译：
磷输入对沿农业沟渠网沉积物源汇磷动力学的影响。
集约化奶牛场中的磷损失是对农业流域水质的压力。在农场范围内，磷源可以进入田间排水沟和开放的沟渠，导致沿沟渠网转移并输送到附近的溪流中。如果确定了正确的位置，则开放的沟渠可能是缓解P的潜在位置，这取决于进入沟渠的P源和沉积物-水界面处的源汇动态。这项研究的目的是确定沟渠的正确位置，以减轻集约化奶牛场中磷的损失。沿露天沟渠网络收集水质的高空间分辨率抓取样品以及沉积物和河岸样品，以表征沟渠内的P动态。沟渠中的磷输入对水质产生不利影响，并且沿采样的断面中途的P浓度阶跃变化（平均溶解性反应性磷（DRP）从0.054增加到0.228 mg L-1）表明信号源进入该沟槽的影响。随着磷沿沟渠长度的积累，磷的输入改变了沉积物对磷的吸附特性。堤岸和沉积物不稳定的可萃取P，Mehlich 3 P（M3P）（从13降低至97 mg kg-1）的积累导致下游点的P结合能（k）降低至<1 L mg-1，并提高了平衡沿沟渠的磷浓度（EPC0）为0.07至4.61 mg L-1。EPC0的增加与水中溶解性P和总P的增加是一致的，这表明该沟渠下游的沉积物作为P的次要来源。需要采取干预措施来减轻磷的流失和补救沉积物以恢复汇的性质。沟内措施需要考虑物理化学的滞后时间，然后才能观察到水质的改善。
更新日期：2019-12-19
中文翻译：
磷输入对沿农业沟渠网沉积物源汇磷动力学的影响。
集约化奶牛场中的磷损失是对农业流域水质的压力。在农场范围内，磷源可以进入田间排水沟和开放的沟渠，导致沿沟渠网转移并输送到附近的溪流中。如果确定了正确的位置，则开放的沟渠可能是缓解P的潜在位置，这取决于进入沟渠的P源和沉积物-水界面处的源汇动态。这项研究的目的是确定沟渠的正确位置，以减轻集约化奶牛场中磷的损失。沿露天沟渠网络收集水质的高空间分辨率抓取样品以及沉积物和河岸样品，以表征沟渠内的P动态。沟渠中的磷输入对水质产生不利影响，并且沿采样的断面中途的P浓度阶跃变化（平均溶解性反应性磷（DRP）从0.054增加到0.228 mg L-1）表明信号源进入该沟槽的影响。随着磷沿沟渠长度的积累，磷的输入改变了沉积物对磷的吸附特性。堤岸和沉积物不稳定的可萃取P，Mehlich 3 P（M3P）（从13降低至97 mg kg-1）的积累导致下游点的P结合能（k）降低至<1 L mg-1，并提高了平衡沿沟渠的磷浓度（EPC0）为0.07至4.61 mg L-1。EPC0的增加与水中溶解性P和总P的增加是一致的，这表明该沟渠下游的沉积物作为P的次要来源。需要采取干预措施来减轻磷的流失和补救沉积物以恢复汇的性质。沟内措施需要考虑物理化学的滞后时间，然后才能观察到水质的改善。
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