Naming and word retrieval deficits are two of the most persistent symptoms in chronic post-stroke aphasia. Naming success or failure on specific words can sometimes be predicted by the psycholinguistic properties of the word. Despite a wealth of literature investigating the influence of psycholinguistic properties in neuro-typical and clinical language processing, the underlying structure of these properties and their relation to the fundamental language components and neural correlates are unexplored. In this study, a multivariate data-decomposition approach was used to identify the underlying structure within a collection of psycholinguistic properties (word imageability, frequency, age-of-acquisition, familiarity, length, semantic diversity and phonological neighbourhood density) and their influence on naming accuracy was explored in a cohort of 42 participants with a diverse range of chronic post-stroke aphasia classifications and severities. The results extracted three principal psycholinguistic factors, which were best described as 'lexical usage', 'semantic clarity' and 'phonological complexity'. Furthermore, a novel approach was used to systematically relate the influence of these psycholinguistic properties to participants' neuropsychological and lesion profiles. The findings did not show a one-to-one mapping between psycholinguistic features and core language components. 'Lexical usage' was the only factor that showed a significant difference between fluent versus non-fluent aphasia groups in terms of the influence of this lexical factor on successful naming, and it was the only factor that was related to the pattern of patients' brain lesions. Voxel-wise whole brain lesion-symptom mapping identified left frontal regions, aligning with previous evidence that these regions are related to language production functions, including word retrieval and repetition. The evidence from the current study suggests that the functional locus of psycholinguistic properties is distributed across multiple language components rather than being localised to a single language element.

中文翻译：

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将心理语言学特征映射到失语症的神经心理学和病变特征。

命名和单词检索缺陷是慢性中风后失语症中最持久的两个症状。有时可以通过单词的心理语言学特性来预测特定单词的命名成功或失败。尽管有大量文献研究心理语言学特性对神经典型和临床语言处理的影响，但这些特性的潜在结构及其与基本语言成分和神经相关性的关系尚未探索。在这项研究中，使用多元数据分解方法来识别一系列心理语言学属性（单词的形象性、频率、习得年龄、熟悉度、长度、语义多样性和语音邻域密度）及其对命名准确性的影响在一个由 42 名参与者组成的队列中进行了探索，这些参与者具有不同的慢性卒中后失语症分类和严重程度。结果提取了三个主要的心理语言学因素，最好将其描述为“词汇用法”、“语义清晰度”和“语音复杂性”。此外，一种新的方法被用来系统地将这些心理语言学特性的影响与参与者的神经心理学和病变特征联系起来。研究结果没有显示心理语言学特征和核心语言成分之间的一对一映射。'词汇用法' 就这一词汇因素对成功命名的影响而言，是流利失语组与非流利失语组之间存在显着差异的唯一因素，也是与患者脑损伤模式相关的唯一因素。体素全脑病变症状映射确定了左侧额叶区域，与先前的证据一致，即这些区域与语言生产功能相关，包括单词检索和重复。当前研究的证据表明，心理语言学属性的功能位点分布在多个语言组件中，而不是本地化到单个语言元素。体素全脑病变症状映射确定了左侧额叶区域，与先前的证据一致，即这些区域与语言生产功能相关，包括单词检索和重复。当前研究的证据表明，心理语言学属性的功能位点分布在多个语言组件中，而不是局限于单个语言元素。体素全脑病变症状映射确定了左侧额叶区域，与先前的证据一致，即这些区域与语言生产功能相关，包括单词检索和重复。当前研究的证据表明，心理语言学属性的功能位点分布在多个语言组件中，而不是局限于单个语言元素。