Rice–fish coculture ecosystems have been designated a “globally important agricultural heritage system.” However, existing studies mainly focus on the provisioning services from these systems while ignoring the other valuable roles they play, such as in regulating and supporting services. To remedy this gap, this study constructs a new framework for classifying ecosystem services (ES) based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and our analysis of rice–fish coculture ecosystem functions. Using our revised model, we found the ES value of rice–fish coculture ecosystems in the study area was 255,529 RMB/hm²/year and was 37.9% higher than that in rice monoculture, while the ES value increased by at least 6.74 times than direct economic value in rice monoculture. In addition, the ES value of rice–fish coculture increased by 2.31 times, as compared direct economic value with rice–fish coculture. These findings demonstrate the vitality of traditional ecological agriculture, which is not only conducive to enhancing the awareness of managers and the public regarding the protection of agricultural cultural heritage, but also provides data that will allow the government to formulate better compensation standards for rice–fish ecosystems.

稻鱼共养生态系统已被指定为“全球重要的农业遗产系统”。但是，现有研究主要集中在这些系统的提供服务上，而忽略了它们在调节和支持服务等过程中发挥的其他宝贵作用。为了弥补这一差距，本研究基于千年生态系统评估以及我们对稻鱼共养生态系统功能的分析，构建了一个用于对生态系统服务进行分类的新框架。使用我们的修正模型，我们发现研究区域内的稻-鱼共养生态系统的ES值为255,529元/ hm ²/年，比水稻单作高37.9％，而ES值至少比水稻单作直接经济价值高6.74倍。此外，与鱼类-鱼类共培养的直接经济价值相比，水稻-鱼类共培养的ES值增加了2.31倍。这些发现证明了传统生态农业的生命力，这不仅有助于提高管理者和公众对农业文化遗产保护的认识，而且还提供了可以使政府制定更好的稻鱼补偿标准的数据。生态系统。