AIM To assess the relationship between sleep quality, fear of hypoglycemia, glycemic variability and psychological well-being in type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS Our data were provided by the VARDIA Study, a multicentric cross-sectional study conducted between June and December 2015. Sleep characteristics were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Fear of hypoglycemia and psychological well-being were measured with the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey version II (HFS-II) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively. Glycemic variability (GV) was determined using the CV of three 7-point self-monitoring blood glucose profiles and the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE). RESULTS 315 patients were eligible for PSQI questionnaire analysis: 54% women, mean age 47 ± 15, mean diabetes duration of 24 ± 13 years, HbA1c of 7.6 ± 0.9% (60 ± 7,5mmol/mol). Average PSQI score was 6.0 ± 3.3 and 59.8% of the patients had a PSQI score > 5. HFS-II score and HADS were significantly higher among "poor" sleepers (p < 0.0001) and PSQI score was positively associated with HADS (β = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.08;0.35). GV evaluated by CV or MAGE did not differ between "poor" and "good" sleepers (p = 0.28 and 0.54, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Adult patients with type 1 diabetes have sleep disturbances which correlate with psychological well-being. This study suggests that psychological management can be a target to improve sleep quality in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

中文翻译：

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VARDIA横断面研究的数据显示，成年人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍，对低血糖症的恐惧与心理健康之间的关联。

目的评估1型糖尿病的睡眠质量，对低血糖的恐惧，血糖变异性和心理健康之间的关系。方法我们的数据由VARDIA研究提供，VARDIA研究是2015年6月至2015年12月进行的多中心横断面研究。睡眠特征通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）进行评估。低血糖恐惧和心理健康的恐惧分别通过低血糖恐惧调查II（HFS-II）和医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）进行测量。使用三个7点自我监测血糖曲线的CV和平均血糖波动幅度（MAGE）来确定血糖变异性（GV）。结果315例患者符合PSQI问卷分析标准：54％的女性，平均年龄47±15，平均糖尿病病程为24±13岁，HbA1c为7.6±0.9％（60±7.5mmol / mol）。平均PSQI评分为6.0±3.3，59.8％的患者PSQI评分>5。“贫困”睡眠者的HFS-II评分和HADS显着更高（p <0.0001），且PSQI评分与HADS呈正相关（β= 0.22； 95％CI = 0.08; 0.35）。通过CV或MAGE评估的GV在“不良”和“良好”睡眠者之间没有差异（分别为p = 0.28和0.54）。结论成人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍与心理健康有关。这项研究表明，心理管理可以成为改善成人1型糖尿病患者睡眠质量的目标。在“不良”睡眠者中，HFS-II评分和HADS显着更高（p <0.0001），PSQI评分与HADS呈正相关（β= 0.22； 95％CI = 0.08; 0.35）。通过CV或MAGE评估的GV在“不良”和“良好”睡眠者之间没有差异（分别为p = 0.28和0.54）。结论成人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍与心理健康有关。这项研究表明，心理管理可以成为改善成人1型糖尿病患者睡眠质量的目标。在“不良”睡眠者中，HFS-II评分和HADS显着更高（p <0.0001），PSQI评分与HADS呈正相关（β= 0.22； 95％CI = 0.08; 0.35）。通过CV或MAGE评估的GV在“不良”和“良好”睡眠者之间没有差异（分别为p = 0.28和0.54）。结论成人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍与心理健康有关。这项研究表明，心理管理可以成为改善成人1型糖尿病患者睡眠质量的目标。结论成人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍与心理健康有关。这项研究表明，心理管理可以成为改善成人1型糖尿病患者睡眠质量的目标。结论成人1型糖尿病患者的睡眠障碍与心理健康有关。这项研究表明，心理管理可以成为改善成人1型糖尿病患者睡眠质量的目标。