Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women worldwide. Survival of patients is significantly associated with disease stage at diagnosis. Recent studies highlighted a role of exosomes in CRC development and progression, thus raising the interest on these nanosized vesicular structures as possible biomarkers. Exosomes contain a large variety of molecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, that are exchanged between cells either within tumor microenvironment or at distant sites from the primary tumor, where they prepare a suitable soil for tumor metastases. The present review summarizes the principal effects of exosomes on CRC development, progression, and provides an update of the most recent findings on the use of exosomal molecules as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in CRC.

中文翻译：

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外泌体在大肠癌疾病进展和对治疗的反应中的作用。

结直肠癌（CRC）是全球男性和女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。患者的存活与诊断时的疾病阶段显着相关。最近的研究强调了外来体在CRC发生和发展中的作用，从而引起了人们对这些纳米大小的囊泡结构作为可能的生物标记物的兴趣。外泌体包含各种各样的分子，包括蛋白质，脂质和核酸，这些分子在肿瘤微环境内或远离原发肿瘤的细胞之间在细胞之间交换，在那里它们为肿瘤转移准备了合适的土壤。本综述总结了外泌体对CRC发生，发展的主要作用，并提供了有关使用外泌体分子作为诊断，