PtRh/C–ITO electrocatalysts were prepared in a single-step method using H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O and RhCl₃·xH₂O as metal sources, sodium borohydride as the reducing agent and a physical mixture of 85% Vulcan Carbon XC72 and 15% In₂O₃·SnO₂ (indium tin oxide—ITO) as support. PtRh/C–ITO were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperommetry, attenuated total reflectance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and performance test on direct alkaline ethanol fuel cell. X-ray diffraction patterns for all PtRh/C–ITO indicated a shift in Pt (fcc) peaks, showing that Rh was incorporated into Pt lattice. Transmission electron microscopy for PtRh/C–ITO showed nanoparticles homogeneously distributed over the support with particles size between 3.0 and 4.0 nm. The XPS results for Pt70Rh30/C–ITO showed the presence of mixed oxidation states of Sn⁰ and SnO₂ that could favor the oxidation of adsorbed intermediates by bifunctional mechanism. Pt90Rh10/C–ITO was more active in electrochemical studies, which could be associated with the C–C bond break. Experiments in direct alkaline ethanol fuel cells showed that the power density values obtained for Pt70Rh30/C–ITO and Pt90Rh10/C–ITO were higher than Pt/C, indicating the beneficial effect of Rh addition to Pt and the use of C–ITO support.

中文翻译：

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C–ITO上负载的Pt–Rh具有高活性，可在碱性介质中进行乙醇氧化

使用H ₂ PtCl ₆ ·6H ₂ O和RhCl ₃ ·xH ₂ O作为金属源，硼氢化钠作为还原剂以及85％Vulcan Carbon XC72的物理混合物，以一步法制备PtRh / C-ITO电催化剂和15％In ₂ O ₃ ·SnO ₂（氧化铟锡-ITO）作为载体。通过X射线衍射，透射电子显微镜，X射线光电子能谱（XPS），循环伏安法，计时安培法，衰减全反射率，傅立叶变换红外光谱和直接碱性乙醇燃料电池的性能测试对PtRh / C–ITO进行了表征。所有PtRh / C-ITO的X射线衍射图表明Pt（fcc）峰发生了位移，表明Rh掺入了Pt晶格中。PtRh / C-ITO的透射电子显微镜显示，纳米颗粒均匀分布在载体上，粒径在3.0至4.0 nm之间。Pt70Rh30 / C–ITO的XPS结果表明存在Sn ⁰和SnO ₂的混合氧化态可能有助于通过双功能机理氧化吸附的中间体。Pt90Rh10 / C–ITO在电化学研究中更为活跃，这可能与C–C键断裂有关。在直接碱性乙醇燃料电池中进行的实验表明，Pt70Rh30 / C–ITO和Pt90Rh10 / C–ITO获得的功率密度值高于Pt / C，表明Rh添加到Pt中以及使用C–ITO载体的有益作用。