A C/Ni composite was prepared via thermal decomposition of a nickel oleate complex at 700 °C, yielding disperse Ni nanocrystals with an average size of 20 nm, encapsulated by carbon nanosheets as deduced from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and confirmed from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction pattern revealed a good ordering of the carbon layers, forced by the Ni encapsulation to adopt a bending structure. Considering the close interaction between the graphitized framework and the metallic nanoparticles we have studied the properties of the composite as an anode for Li-ion batteries. Compared with other nanostructured synthetic carbons, this carbon composite has a low voltage hysteresis and a modest irreversible capacity value, properties that play a significant role in its behaviour as electrodes in full cell configuration. At moderate rate values, 0.25 C, the electrode delivers an average capacity value around 723 mAh·g⁻¹ on cycling, among the highest values so far reported for this carbon type. At higher rate values, 1 C, the average capacity values delivered by the cell on cycling decrease, around 205 mAh·g⁻¹, but it maintains good capacity retention, a coulombic efficiency close to 100% after the first cycles and recovery of the capacity values when the rate is restored from 3 to 0.1 C.

中文翻译：

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具有嵌入的镍纳米晶体作为锂离子电池阳极的高度石墨化碳纳米片

AC / Ni复合材料是通过油酸镍络合物在700°C下的热分解制备的，产生平均粒径为20 nm的分散Ni纳米晶体，并由碳纳米片封装，这是通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像推导并由X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）。此外，X射线衍射图显示出碳层的良好有序性，这是由于Ni包封而迫使其采用弯曲结构。考虑到石墨化框架与金属纳米颗粒之间的紧密相互作用，我们研究了复合材料作为锂离子电池阳极的性能。与其他纳米结构的合成碳相比，这种碳复合材料具有低电压迟滞和适度的不可逆容量值，特性在全电池配置中作为电极的行为中起着重要作用。在0.25 C的中等速率值下，电极的平均容量值约为723 mAh·g在循环中为^-1，是迄今为止所报告的该碳类型的最高值。在较高的速率值1 C时，电池在循环中传递的平均容量值会降低，约为205 mAh·g ^-1，但它保持了良好的容量保持率，在第一个循环后库仑效率接近100％，并且电池的恢复速率从3恢复到0.1 C时的最大容量值。