Ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) are central to all processes in the cell. One of the prerequisites to understand how RNPs work is to determine their high-resolution structures. With the recent revolution in cryoelectron microscopy this task has become easier for large RNP machines, such as ribosomes, spliceosomes, and polymerases. However, the transient and highly dynamic nature of many RNPs makes structure determination a challenging task. Thus, an integrative structural and molecular biology approach is required, tackling three key challenges: (1) identification of cognate RNA sequences; (2) collection of structural data by conducting X-ray crystallography, NMR, electron microscopy, small-angle scattering (SAS), and other experiments; and (3) the creation of structural models that integrates all experimental restraints. Given the breadth of expertise required, this review presents an overview of available methods and successful examples with the goal to provide readers with a selection of promising options for structure determination of RNPs.

中文翻译：

---

蛋白质-RNA复合物的整合结构生物学。

核糖核蛋白复合物（RNP）是细胞中所有过程的核心。要了解RNP的工作原理，先决条件之一就是确定其高分辨率结构。随着冷冻电子显微镜的最新革命，对于大型RNP机器，例如核糖体，剪接体和聚合酶，这项任务变得更加容易。但是，许多RNP的瞬态和高度动态特性使结构确定成为一项艰巨的任务。因此，需要一种综合的结构和分子生物学方法，以应对三个主要挑战：（1）鉴定同源RNA序列；（2）通过X射线晶体学，NMR，电子显微镜，小角度散射（SAS）等实验收集结构数据；（3）建立综合了所有实验约束的结构模型。