A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor is successfully developed to detect bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on the dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) instead of the traditional impedance spectroscopy. The sensor is prepared using chitosan and pyrrole as modified material and functional monomers, respectively, and the fast and real‐time characterization of molecular imprinting process can be obtained by DEIS. It is indicated that the removal and rebinding processes of BSA are closely related with the DEIS impedance under dynamic conditions, and the direct correlation between the resulting kinetic information and BSA concentrations can be established. As a result, the impedance changing rates in the initial 5 min of BSA adsorption are linear to the BSA concentrations ranging from 0.0001 to 0.01 ng mL⁻¹ and 0.01 to 1 ng mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 5×10⁻⁵ ng mL⁻¹ (S/N=3). In addition, the detection of BSA by DEIS does not require the system to be in equilibrium. The sensor also shows simplicity, high sensitivity, good stability and acceptable recovery in real samples, indicating its promising prospects in the fast and real‐time detection of proteins.

中文翻译：

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使用动态电化学阻抗谱检测牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的阻抗分子印迹传感器

基于动态电化学阻抗谱（DEIS）而不是传统的阻抗谱，成功开发了一种分子印迹电化学传感器来检测牛血清白蛋白（BSA）。分别使用壳聚糖和吡咯作为改性材料和功能单体制备传感器，并且可以通过DEIS获得分子印迹过程的快速和实时表征。结果表明，在动态条件下，BSA的去除和结合过程与DEIS阻抗密切相关，可以建立动力学信息与BSA浓度之间的直接相关性。结果，BSA吸附最初5分钟的阻抗变化率与BSA浓度在0.0001至0.01 ng mL范围内呈线性关系^-1和0.01至1 ng mL ^-1，检测极限为5×10 ^-5  ng mL ^-1（S / N = 3）。此外，通过DEIS检测BSA不需要使系统处于平衡状态。该传感器还显示出简单，高灵敏度，良好的稳定性和在真实样品中的可接受的回收率，表明了其在快速，实时检测蛋白质中的广阔前景。