Evaluation, Pitfalls and Recommendations for the “Water Layer Test” for Solid Contact Ion‐selective Electrodes,Electroanalysis

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Evaluation, Pitfalls and Recommendations for the “Water Layer Test” for Solid Contact Ion‐selective Electrodes
Electroanalysis ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-17 , DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900637
Bradley Hambly ₁ , Marcin Guzinski ₂ , Bradford Pendley ₁ , Ernő Lindner ₁

Affiliation

The “water layer test” is a crucial validation step of solid‐contact ion‐selective electrodes. It can confirm or contest the claim that the tested electrode is indeed a genuine solid contact electrode without an aqueous film between the ion‐selective membrane and its solid contact. Information about the presence of a water layer is essential for the interpretation of drifts in the electrode potentials commonly experienced with solid contact electrodes. Since its publication, the water layer test has been ubiquitously used, but without a standardized protocol the interpretation (or misinterpretation) of the test results led to uncertainties in the conclusions. Through both experiments and simulations based on theoretical models we have investigated the experimental parameters that can influence the results of the water layer test. We propose guidelines to minimize the possibility of misinterpretation of the results of the water layer test by considering the key factors that affect the shape of transients recorded during the water layer test. Most importantly, we emphasize the importance of allowing sufficient time for conditioning the tested electrode before the water layer test and providing adequate time for equilibration during the experiment. Using a thin ion‐selective membrane and thin solid‐contact layer for the tests is also recommended.

中文翻译：

固体接触离子选择电极“水层测试”的评估，陷阱和建议

“水层测试”是固体接触离子选择电极的关键验证步骤。可以证实或质疑以下说法：被测电极确实是真正的固体接触电极，在离子选择膜与其固体接触之间没有水膜。有关水层存在的信息对于解释固体接触电极通常会遇到的电极电位漂移至关重要。自发布以来，水层测试已被广泛使用，但是由于没有标准化协议，测试结果的解释（或错误解释）导致结论的不确定性。通过基于理论模型的实验和仿真，我们研究了可能影响水层测试结果的实验参数。我们提出了一些指导方针，以通过考虑影响水层测试过程中记录的瞬态形状的关键因素，来最大程度地减少错误解释水层测试结果的可能性。最重要的是，我们强调了在水层测试之前留出足够的时间来调节被测电极并在实验过程中提供足够的时间进行平衡的重要性。还建议使用薄的离子选择膜和薄的固体接触层进行测试。我们强调必须留出足够的时间在水层测试之前对被测电极进行调理，并在实验期间提供足够的时间进行平衡。还建议使用薄的离子选择膜和薄的固体接触层进行测试。我们强调必须留出足够的时间在水层测试之前对被测电极进行调理，并在实验期间提供足够的时间进行平衡。还建议使用薄的离子选择膜和薄的固体接触层进行测试。

更新日期：2019-12-17

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