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Myelin water imaging and R2 * mapping in neonates: Investigating R2 * dependence on myelin and fibre orientation in whole brain white matter.
NMR in Biomedicine ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-17 , DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4222 Alexander Mark Weber 1, 2 , Yuting Zhang 3, 4, 5, 6 , Christian Kames 2, 7 , Alexander Rauscher 1, 2, 7, 8
NMR in Biomedicine ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-17 , DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4222 Alexander Mark Weber 1, 2 , Yuting Zhang 3, 4, 5, 6 , Christian Kames 2, 7 , Alexander Rauscher 1, 2, 7, 8
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R2 * relaxation provides a semiquantitative method of detecting myelin, iron and white matter fibre orientation angles. Compared with standard histogram-based analyses, angle-resolved analysis of R2 * has previously been shown to substantially improve the detection of subtle differences in the brain between healthy siblings of subjects with multiple sclerosis and unrelated healthy controls. Neonates, who are born with very little myelin and iron, and an underdeveloped connectome, provide researchers with an opportunity to investigate whether R2 * is intimately linked with fibre-angle or myelin content as it is in adults, which may in future studies be explored as a potential white matter developmental biomarker. Five healthy adult volunteers (mean age [±SD] = 31.2 [±8.3] years; three males) were recruited from Vancouver, Canada. Eight term neonates (mean age = 38.6 ± 1.2 weeks; five males) were recruited from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University neonatal ward. All subjects were scanned on identical 3 T Philips Achieva scanners equipped with an eight-channel SENSE head coil and underwent a multiecho gradient echo scan, a 32-direction DTI scan and a myelin water imaging scan. For both neonates and adults, bin-averaged R2 * variation across the brain's white matter was found to be best explained by fibre orientation. For adults, this represented a difference in R2 * values of 3.5 Hz from parallel to perpendicular fibres with respect to the main magnetic field. In neonates, the fibre orientation dependency displayed a cosine wave shape, with a small R2 * range of 0.4 Hz. This minor relationship in neonates provides further evidence for the key role myelin probably plays in creating this fibre orientation dependence later in life, but suggests limited clinical application in newborn populations. Future studies should investigate fibre-orientation dependency in infants in the first 5 years, when substantial myelin development occurs.
中文翻译：
新生儿的髓磷脂水成像和R2 *定位：研究R2 *对全脑白质中髓磷脂和纤维方向的依赖性。
R2 *弛豫提供了一种检测髓磷脂，铁和白质纤维取向角的半定量方法。与标准的基于直方图的分析相比，R2 *的角度分辨分析先前已显示出可显着改善对多发性硬化症患者的健康同胞与无关健康对照之间大脑中细微差别的检测。新生儿中髓鞘和铁的含量很少，并且连接组不发达，这为研究人员提供了一个机会来研究R2 *是否与成年人的纤维角或髓磷脂含量密切相关，这可能会在以后的研究中进行探索。作为潜在的白质发育生物标志物。从加拿大温哥华招募了五名健康的成年人志愿者（平均年龄[±SD] = 31.2 [±8.3]岁；三名男性）。重庆医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿科招募了8名足月新生儿（平均年龄38.6±1.2周； 5名男性）。所有受试者均在配备8通道SENSE头线圈的相同3 T Philips Achieva扫描仪上进行扫描，并进行了多回波梯度回波扫描，32方向DTI扫描和髓磷脂水成像扫描。对于新生儿和成年人，发现通过大脑白质的bin平均R2 *变化可以通过纤维取向来最好地解释。对于成年人，这表示相对于主磁场，从平行光纤到垂直光纤的R2 *值存在3.5 Hz的差异。在新生儿中，纤维取向依赖性显示出余弦波形，其R2 *范围较小，为0.4 Hz。新生儿中的这种次要关系提供了进一步的证据，证明髓磷脂可能在生命后期产生这种纤维取向依赖性中起关键作用，但表明在新生儿人群中的临床应用有限。未来的研究应该调查在最初的5年中发生大量髓磷脂形成时婴儿对纤维取向的依赖性。
更新日期：2020-02-04
中文翻译：
新生儿的髓磷脂水成像和R2 *定位：研究R2 *对全脑白质中髓磷脂和纤维方向的依赖性。
R2 *弛豫提供了一种检测髓磷脂，铁和白质纤维取向角的半定量方法。与标准的基于直方图的分析相比，R2 *的角度分辨分析先前已显示出可显着改善对多发性硬化症患者的健康同胞与无关健康对照之间大脑中细微差别的检测。新生儿中髓鞘和铁的含量很少，并且连接组不发达，这为研究人员提供了一个机会来研究R2 *是否与成年人的纤维角或髓磷脂含量密切相关，这可能会在以后的研究中进行探索。作为潜在的白质发育生物标志物。从加拿大温哥华招募了五名健康的成年人志愿者（平均年龄[±SD] = 31.2 [±8.3]岁；三名男性）。重庆医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿科招募了8名足月新生儿（平均年龄38.6±1.2周； 5名男性）。所有受试者均在配备8通道SENSE头线圈的相同3 T Philips Achieva扫描仪上进行扫描，并进行了多回波梯度回波扫描，32方向DTI扫描和髓磷脂水成像扫描。对于新生儿和成年人，发现通过大脑白质的bin平均R2 *变化可以通过纤维取向来最好地解释。对于成年人，这表示相对于主磁场，从平行光纤到垂直光纤的R2 *值存在3.5 Hz的差异。在新生儿中，纤维取向依赖性显示出余弦波形，其R2 *范围较小，为0.4 Hz。新生儿中的这种次要关系提供了进一步的证据，证明髓磷脂可能在生命后期产生这种纤维取向依赖性中起关键作用，但表明在新生儿人群中的临床应用有限。未来的研究应该调查在最初的5年中发生大量髓磷脂形成时婴儿对纤维取向的依赖性。
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