According to the standard theory, a spatially-extended (diffuse) double layer is assumed to occur in charged colloids (suspensions), leading to repulsive forces that might compensate, at relevant distances, the attractive molecular forces. It is shown in this paper that, in contrast with this standard double-layer theory, the electric interaction of the ions and the charged colloidal particles requires the application of the cohesion theory of electrically-interacting particles, which may lead to stabilization, or even aggregation of the colloid, independently of attractive molecular forces. The screened two-particle interaction which occurs in this case (in the dilute limit) is attractive at long distances and repulsive at short distances, with a negative minimum. Many-particle forces occur over short distances, which complicate considerably the situation. Solid and liquid phases are identified here in charged colloids (and even a non-ideal gaseous phase with attractive interaction), the equilibrium mean separation distance between the particles is estimated and the transition between various phases is discussed.

根据标准理论，假定在带电胶体（悬浮液）中发生空间扩展（扩散）双层，从而导致排斥力，该排斥力可能在相关距离处补偿分子吸引力。与标准的双层理论相反，本文显示离子与带电胶体颗粒的电相互作用需要应用电相互作用颗粒的内聚理论，这可能导致稳定化，甚至导致胶体的聚集，与分子吸引力无关。在这种情况下（在稀释极限内）发生的筛选出的两粒子相互作用在长距离时具有吸引力，而在短距离时具有排斥力，且最小值为负。短距离内会发生多粒子力，这使情况大大复杂化。此处以带电胶体（甚至具有吸引作用的非理想气相）中鉴定固相和液相，估算了颗粒之间的平衡平均分离距离，并讨论了各相之间的过渡。