Sheet metal aluminum alloys in the 5000 and 6000 series show increased formability if deformed at sub-zero temperatures which is beneficial for processing industries using sheet metals where evermore highly complex-shaped components are produced. In order to evaluate a cryogenic forming process, the temperature-dependent forming limits of the selected materials need to be known. For this determination, a device has been developed which allows deep drawing operations with circular specimens at cryogenic temperatures. The limiting drawing ratio (LDR) of the commercial aluminum alloys EN AW-5182 and EN AW-6016 are investigated in a temperature range from 298 K to 77 K. It is shown that the deep drawing behavior of both materials is generally enhanced at very low temperatures, although the LDR of the EN AW-6016 alloy increases only at temperatures T ≤ 77 K. Furthermore, using mathematical formulations and numerical (finite element) simulations the influence of friction on the punch forces could be predicted. The calculated results and experimental data are compared, and then subsequently discussed.

中文翻译：

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汽车铝合金在极低温下的深冲性能研究

如果在低于零温度下变形，则5000和6000系列的钣金铝合金显示出更高的可成形性，这对于使用钣金的加工行业来说是有利的，因为钣金生产出的形状复杂得多。为了评估低温成型过程，需要了解所选材料的温度相关成型极限。为了进行这种确定，已经开发出一种装置，该装置可以在低温下用圆形试样进行深冲操作。在298 K至77 K的温度范围内研究了商用铝合金EN AW-5182和EN AW-6016的极限拉伸比（LDR）。结果表明，两种材料的深冲性能通常会在非常高的温度下得到增强。低温，尽管EN AW-6016合金的LDR仅在温度下增加Ť  ≤77 K.此外，使用数学公式和数值（有限元）模拟摩擦的上冲头的力的影响可以预测。比较计算结果和实验数据，然后进行讨论。