A comprehensive understanding of the human body endogenous microbiota is essential for acquiring an insight into the involvement of microbiota in tissue healing and regeneration process in order to enable development of biomaterials with a better integration with human body environment. Biomaterials used for biomedical applications are normally germ-free, and the human body as the host of the biomaterials is not germ-free. The complexity and role of the body microbiota in tissue healing/regeneration have been underestimated historically. Traditionally, studies aiming at the development of novel biomaterials had focused on the effects of environment within the target tissue, neglecting the signals generated from the microbiota and their impact on tissue regeneration. The significance of the human body microbiota in relation to metabolism, immune system, and consequently tissue regeneration has been recently realised and is a growing research field. This review summarises recent findings on the role of microbiota and mechanisms involved in tissue healing and regeneration, in particular skin, liver, bone, and nervous system regrowth and regeneration highlighting the potential new roles of microbiota for development of a new generation of biomaterials.

中文翻译：

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微生物群在组织修复和再生中的作用。

对人体内源微生物群的全面了解对于深入了解微生物群在组织愈合和再生过程中的参与至关重要，以便能够开发出与人体环境更好整合的生物材料。用于生物医学应用的生物材料通常是无菌的，作为生物材料宿主的人体也不是无菌的。历史上低估了人体微生物群在组织愈合/再生中的复杂性和作用。传统上，旨在开发新型生物材料的研究集中于目标组织内环境的影响，而忽略了微生物群产生的信号及其对组织再生的影响。人体微生物群与新陈代谢有关的意义，免疫系统以及因此的组织再生近来已被实现并且是一个正在发展的研究领域。这篇综述总结了微生物群的作用以及与组织修复和再生有关的机制的最新发现，特别是皮肤，肝脏，骨骼和神经系统的再生和再生，突出了微生物群在新一代生物材料开发中的潜在新作用。