Cannabis extracts like marijuana have the highest consumption rate worldwide. Yet, their societal acceptance as recreational and therapeutic drugs could represent a serious hazard to female human reproduction, because cannabis ingredients [termed (phyto)cannabinoids] can perturb an endogenous system of lipid signals known as endocannabinoids. Accumulated evidence on animal models and humans has demonstrated a crucial role of these endogenous signals on different aspects of female reproduction, where they act through an ensamble of proteins that synthesize, transport, degrade and traffic them. Several reports have recently evidenced the potential role of endocannabinoids as biomarkers of female infertility for disease treatment and prevention, as well as their possible epigenetic effects on pregnancy. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of data collected in the last decade on the effects of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids on female reproductive events, from development and maturation of follicles and oocytes, to fertilization, oviductal transport, implantation and labor. In this context, a particular attention has been devoted to the ovary and the production of fertilizable oocytes, because recent studies have addressed this hot topic with conflicting results among species.

大麻等大麻提取物的消费量是全球最高的。然而，由于大麻成分[称为（植物）大麻素]会扰乱称为内源性大麻素的内源性脂质信号系统，因此它们在社会上被人们接受为娱乐和治疗药物可能会对女性的生殖造成严重危害。动物模型和人类的累积证据表明，这些内源性信号在雌性生殖的不同方面起着至关重要的作用，它们通过合成，运输，降解和运输它们的大量蛋白质起作用。最近有几份报告证明了内源性大麻素作为女性不育症的生物标志物在疾病治疗和预防中的潜在作用，以及它们对妊娠的可能的表观遗传学作用。这篇综述的目的是提供过去十年收集的有关大麻素和内源性大麻素对女性生殖事件影响的最新信息，这些事件包括从卵泡和卵母细胞的发育和成熟到受精，输卵管运输，着床和分娩。在这种情况下，特别关注卵巢和可受精卵母细胞的产生，因为最近的研究已经解决了这一热门话题，物种间的结果相互矛盾。