Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in paediatric cohorts is often complicated by reluctance to enter the scanner and head motion-related imaging artefacts. The process is particularly challenging for children with neurodevelopmental disorders where coping with novel task demands in an unfamiliar setting may be more difficult due to symptom-related deficits or distress. These issues often give rise to excessive head motion that can significantly reduce the quality of images acquired, or render data unusable. Here we report an individualised MRI training procedure that enables children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to better tolerate the MRI scanner environment based on a child-focused approach and individualised familiarisation strategies, including a pre-visit interview, familiarisation package, and personalised rewards. A medical imaging mobile application was utilised to familiarise participants to multi-sensory aspects of the neuroimaging experience through a variety of themed mini-games and activities. The MRI training procedure was implemented for monozygotic twins (n = 12; 6 twin pairs; age range 7.1–12.9 years) concordant or discordant for ASD. MRI image quality indices were better or comparable to images acquired from a large independent multi-centre ASD cohort. Present findings are promising and suggest that child-focused strategies could improve the quality of paediatric neuroimaging in clinical populations.

小儿队列的磁共振成像（MRI）通常由于不愿进入扫描仪和与头部运动有关的成像伪像而变得复杂。对于患有神经发育障碍的儿童而言，这一过程尤其具有挑战性，因为由于症状相关的缺陷或困扰，在陌生的环境中应对新的任务要求可能会更加困难。这些问题通常会导致头部过度运动，从而大大降低所获取图像的质量或使数据无法使用。在这里，我们报告了一种个性化的MRI培训程序，该方法使自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童能够以针对儿童的方法和个性化的熟悉策略为基础，更好地容忍MRI扫描仪环境，包括预先访问，熟悉包和个性化奖励。利用医学成像移动应用程序，通过各种主题的迷你游戏和活动，使参与者熟悉神经成像体验的多感官方面。MRI训练程序适用于与ASD一致或不一致的单卵双胞胎（n = 12； 6对双胞胎；年龄范围7.1-12.9岁）。MRI图像质量指标比从大型独立多中心ASD队列获得的图像更好或更可比。目前的发现是有前途的，并表明以儿童为中心的策略可以提高临床人群中小儿神经影像学的质量。6对双胞胎; ASD一致或不一致的年龄范围7.1–12.9岁。MRI图像质量指标比从大型独立多中心ASD队列获得的图像更好或更可比。目前的发现是有前途的，并表明以儿童为中心的策略可以提高临床人群中小儿神经影像学的质量。6对双胞胎; ASD一致或不一致的年龄范围7.1–12.9岁。MRI图像质量指标比从大型独立多中心ASD队列获得的图像更好或更可比。目前的发现是有前途的，并表明以儿童为中心的策略可以提高临床人群中小儿神经影像学的质量。