CoS₂ nanooctahedrons homogeneously encapsulated by hierarchical porous-reduced graphene oxide and polypyrrole thin film are constructed via a simple hydrothermal route, followed by vapor polymerization reaction. Owing to the porous conductive network and robust structural integrity characteristics, the optimal CoS₂@RGO@PPy aerogel can not only facilitate electron and ion transfer but also shorten diffusion length and alleviate strain stress, ensuring superior sodium storage in terms of high capacity, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability. With a CoS₂ content of 54.9%, CoS₂@RGO@PPy electrode delivers a discharge capacity of 744 mAh g⁻¹ at the current density of 0.1 A g⁻¹. Moreover, it yields a reversible capacity of 554 mAh g⁻¹ at 2.0 A g⁻¹, higher than that of 495 mAh g⁻¹ for CoS₂@RGO electrode. The superior rate capability can be attributed to the favored surface capacitive behavior. And a combined contribution of diffusion-controlled and capacitive-induced process are derived. Furthermore, CoS₂@RGO@PPy electrode maintains 348 mAh g⁻¹ over a long period of 700 cycles at a high current density of 3 A g⁻¹ and a capacity retention of 65.8%. The strategy can be extended to tailor the electrode structures for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.

通过简单的水热路径，通过分层的多孔还原氧化石墨烯和聚吡咯薄膜均匀包裹的CoS ₂纳米八面体，通过气相聚合反应进行构建。由于多孔的导电网络和强大的结构完整性特性，最佳的CoS ₂ @ RGO @ PPy气凝胶不仅可以促进电子和离子转移，而且可以缩短扩散长度并减轻应变应力，从而确保了高容量，优异的钠储量。速率能力和循环稳定性。与一个CoS ₂含量54.9％，COS ₂ @ RGO @聚吡咯电极提供的744毫安g的放电容量^-1在0.1 A G的电流密度^-1。此外，它在2.0 A g ^-1下产生554 mAh g ^-1的可逆容量，高于CoS ₂ @RGO电极的495 mAh g ^-1的可逆容量。优异的速率能力可以归因于偏爱的表面电容行为。并推导了扩散控制和电容感应过程的综合贡献。此外，CoS ₂ @ RGO @ PPy电极在3 A g ^-1的高电流密度和65.8％的容量保持率下，在700个循环的长时间内保持348 mAh g ^-1。可以扩展该策略以定制用于高性能钠离子电池的电极结构。