Abstract

Background

We examined common patterns of home environmental modification (HEM) use and associated major (including disability-, cardiovascular-, and cancer-related) health conditions and events among older women.

Methods

Women, aged 78.6 ± 6.3 years (n = 71,257), self-reported utilization of nine types of HEMs (hand rails, grab bars, ramps, nonslip surfaces, tacking carpets/rugs, decreasing clutter, increasing lighting, raised sink/counter heights, other). Concurrent history of major health conditions and events was collected. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated based on overall HEM use and four latent classes (low HEM use [56%], rails/grab bars [20%], lighting/decluttering [18%], high HEM use [5%]), adjusted for age, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, depression, and obesity.

Results

Fifty-five percent of women reported using any HEM (overall), with strongest associations among disability-related conditions. Activities of daily living limitations were strongly associated with high HEM use (OR = 8.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.62–10.05), railing/grab bar use (OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 3.26–4.95), and lighting/declutter use (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.40–2.50) versus low HEM use. Recent falls were positively associated with overall HEM use (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.72–1.87); high HEM use (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 2.64–3.16), railings/grab bars use (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 2.18–2.48), and lighting/declutter use (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.79–2.08) were positively associated with recent falls. Modest associations were observed between HEM use and select (ie, atrial fibrillation, heart valve disease, stroke) cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions

Among older women, disability-related conditions, including functional limitations and recent falls, were strongly associated with overall HEM use, high HEM use, and railings/grab bar use.

中文翻译：

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家庭环境改造使用模式和功能健康：妇女健康倡议。

 抽象的

 背景

我们研究了老年女性家庭环境改造 (HEM) 使用的常见模式以及相关的主要（包括残疾、心血管和癌症相关）健康状况和事件。

 方法

女性，年龄 78.6 ± 6.3 岁 ( n = 71,257)，自我报告使用九种类型的 HEM（扶手、扶手、坡道、防滑表面、固定地毯/地毯、减少杂乱、增加照明、升高水槽/柜台高度， 其他）。收集主要健康状况和事件的同时历史。根据总体 HEM 使用情况和四个潜在类别（低 HEM 使用情况 [56%]、导轨/扶手杆 [20%]、照明/整理 [18%]、高 HEM 使用情况 [5%]）估计优势比 (OR) ，根据年龄、婚姻状况、种族/民族、教育程度、抑郁症和肥胖进行调整。

 结果

55% 的女性报告使用任何 HEM（总体而言），其中与残疾相关疾病的关联性最强。日常生活活动受限与高 HEM 使用（OR = 8.16，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 6.62–10.05）、栏杆/扶手杆使用（OR = 4.02，95% CI = 3.26–4.95）以及照明/整理的使用（OR = 1.87，95% CI = 1.40–2.50）与低 HEM 使用。最近跌倒与整体 HEM 使用呈正相关（OR = 1.79，95% CI = 1.72–1.87）；高 HEM 使用（OR = 2.89，95% CI = 2.64–3.16）、栏杆/扶手使用（OR = 2.32，95% CI = 2.18–2.48）以及照明/整理器使用（OR = 1.93，95% CI = 1.79–2.08）与最近的下跌呈正相关。观察到 HEM 使用与特定心血管结局（即心房颤动、心脏瓣膜疾病、中风）之间存在适度关联。

 结论

在老年女性中，残疾相关疾病（包括功能限制和近期跌倒）与 HEM 的整体使用、HEM 的高使用以及栏杆/扶手的使用密切相关。