Genomes of early-diverging streptophyte algae shed light on plant terrestrialization.,Nature Plants

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Genomes of early-diverging streptophyte algae shed light on plant terrestrialization.
Nature Plants ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-16 , DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0560-3
Sibo Wang _{1,

2,

3} , Linzhou Li _{1,

4,

5} , Haoyuan Li _{1,

2} , Sunil Kumar Sahu _{1,

4} , Hongli Wang _{1,

2} , Yan Xu _{1,

6} , Wenfei Xian _{1,

2} , Bo Song _{1,

2} , Hongping Liang _{1,

6} , Shifeng Cheng _{1,

2} , Yue Chang _{1,

2} , Yue Song _{1,

2} , Zehra Çebi ₇ , Sebastian Wittek ₇ , Tanja Reder ₇ , Morten Peterson ₃ , Huanming Yang _{1,

2} , Jian Wang _{1,

2} , Barbara Melkonian _{7,

8} , Yves Van de Peer _{9,

10} , Xun Xu _{1,

2} , Gane Ka-Shu Wong _{1,

11} , Michael Melkonian _{7,

8} , Huan Liu _{1,

3,

4} , Xin Liu _{1,

2,

4}

Affiliation

BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Botanical Institute, Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
University of Duisburg-Essen, Campus Essen, Faculty of Biology, Essen, Germany.
Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University and VIB/UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.
Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Mounting evidence suggests that terrestrialization of plants started in streptophyte green algae, favoured by their dual existence in freshwater and subaerial/terrestrial environments. Here, we present the genomes of Mesostigma viride and Chlorokybus atmophyticus, two sister taxa in the earliest-diverging clade of streptophyte algae dwelling in freshwater and subaerial/terrestrial environments, respectively. We provide evidence that the common ancestor of M. viride and C. atmophyticus (and thus of streptophytes) had already developed traits associated with a subaerial/terrestrial environment, such as embryophyte-type photorespiration, canonical plant phytochrome, several phytohormones and transcription factors involved in responses to environmental stresses, and evolution of cellulose synthase and cellulose synthase-like genes characteristic of embryophytes. Both genomes differed markedly in genome size and structure, and in gene family composition, revealing their dynamic nature, presumably in response to adaptations to their contrasting environments. The ancestor of M. viride possibly lost several genomic traits associated with a subaerial/terrestrial environment following transition to a freshwater habitat.

中文翻译：

早期分化的链藻的基因组揭示了植物陆生化。

越来越多的证据表明，植物的陆生化始于链霉菌绿藻，因为它们在淡水和地下/陆地环境中的双重存在而受到青睐。在这里，我们展示了 Mesostigma viride 和 Chlorokybus atmophyticus 的基因组，它们是分别生活在淡水和陆生/陆地环境中最早分化的链藻藻类中的两个姐妹类群。我们提供的证据表明，M. viride 和 C. atmophyticus（以及链霉菌）的共同祖先已经发展出与地面/陆地环境相关的特征，例如胚胎植物型光呼吸、典型的植物光敏色素、几种植物激素和涉及的转录因子对环境胁迫的反应，以及有胚植物特有的纤维素合酶和纤维素合酶样基因的进化。两个基因组在基因组大小和结构以及基因家族组成方面存在显着差异，揭示了它们的动态性质，大概是为了适应其对比环境。在过渡到淡水栖息地后，绿色 M. viride 的祖先可能失去了与地面/陆地环境相关的几个基因组特征。

更新日期：2019-12-17

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