Deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest (DHCA) in cardiac surgery may exert a significant burden on the neuroinflammation which can cause brain injury. Resveratrol is a natural product and acts as a neuroprotective agent to suppress inflammatory response in brain. Even so, the specific mechanism regarding brain protective effect of resveratrol in DHCA is still unclear. In the current research, we tested brain protective function of resveratrol on neuroinflammation and cognition in rat DHCA model or hypothermic oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. The activation of microglial, cell apoptosis, inflammation in brain and circulation, NF-κB pathway were evaluated. We found that resveratrol treatment improved neurocognitive function and attenuated the neuroinflammation, cell apoptosis, microglial activation and NF-κB pathway after DHCA. The in vitro studies showed that resveratrol had similar neuroprotective effect in hypothermic OGD model. Importantly, we also found that the modulation of TRAF6 and RIP1 ubiquitination by A20 was playing a pivotal role in relation to the mechanism of resveratrol inhibiting NF-κB pathway. Thus, resveratrol expands the horizons for exploring treatment tactics to avert or restrict brain injury and related neurocognitive obstacles after DHCA.

中文翻译：

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白藜芦醇可降低深部体温过高后循环停搏的神经炎症。

心脏手术中伴有循环停搏（DHCA）的深低温可能会对神经炎症施加重大负担，从而可能导致脑损伤。白藜芦醇是一种天然产物，可作为神经保护剂来抑制大脑中的炎症反应。即便如此，关于白藜芦醇在DHCA中对脑的保护作用的具体机制仍不清楚。在当前的研究中，我们测试了白藜芦醇对大鼠DHCA模型或低温氧-葡萄糖剥夺（OGD）模型中神经炎症和认知的脑保护功能。评估了小胶质细胞的激活，细胞凋亡，大脑和循环中的炎症，NF-κB途径。我们发现，白藜芦醇治疗可改善DHCA后的神经认知功能，并减轻神经炎症，细胞凋亡，小胶质细胞活化和NF-κB途径。体外研究表明，白藜芦醇在低温OGD模型中具有类似的神经保护作用。重要的是，我们还发现A20对TRAF6和RIP1泛素化的调节在白藜芦醇抑制NF-κB途径的机制中起着关键作用。因此，白藜芦醇拓宽了探索策略的视野，从而避免或限制了DHCA后的脑损伤和相关的神经认知障碍。