Caffeine is widely used to counteract the effects of sleep loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of acute caffeine consumption on cognitive, physical, occupational and driving performance in sleep deprived/restricted individuals. 45 publications providing 327 effect estimates (EEs) were included in the review. Caffeine improved response time (44 EEs; g = 0.86; 95 % CI: 0.53-0.83) and accuracy (27 EEs; g = 0.68; 95 % CI: 0.48-0.88) on attention tests, improved executive function (38 EEs; g = 0.35; 95 % CI: 0.15-0.55), improved reaction time (12 EEs; g = 1.11; 95 % CI: 0.75-1.47), improved response time (20 EEs; g = 1.95; 95 % CI: 1.39-2.52) and accuracy (34 EEs; g = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.30-0.55) on information processing tasks, and enhanced lateral (29 EEs; g = 1.67; 95 % CI: 1.32-2.02) and longitudinal (12 EEs; g = 1.60; 95 % CI: 1.16-2.03) measures of vehicular control on driving tests. Studies also typically indicated benefit of caffeine on memory (25 EEs), crystallized intelligence (11 EEs), physical (39 EEs) and occupational (36 EEs) performance. Ingestion of caffeine is an effective counter-measure to the cognitive and physical impairments associated with sleep loss.

中文翻译：

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失眠后急性咖啡因摄入对认知，身体，职业和驾驶表现的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。

咖啡因被广泛用来抵消睡眠不足的影响。这项系统的审查和荟萃分析检查了急性咖啡因摄入对睡眠不足/受限的人的认知，身体，职业和驾驶表现的影响。该评价包括45种提供327种效果评估（EE）的出版物。咖啡因改善了注意力测试的响应时间（44 EEs; g = 0.86; 95％CI：0.53-0.83）和准确性（27 EEs; g = 0.68; 95％CI：0.48-0.88），改善了执行功能（38 EEs; g = 0.35; 95％CI：0.15-0.55），缩短了反应时间（12 EEs; g = 1.11; 95％CI：0.75-1.47），缩短了响应时间（20 EEs; g = 1.95; 95％CI：1.39-2.52 ）和准确性（34 EEs; g = 0.43; 95％CI：0.30-0.55），并提高了横向（29 EEs; g = 1.67; 95％CI：1.32-2.02）和纵向（12 EEs; g = 1.60; 95％CI：1.16-2.03）驾驶测试中的车辆控制措施。研究通常还表明咖啡因有益于记忆（25 EE），结晶智力（11 EE），身体（39 EE）和职业（36 EE）性能。摄入咖啡因是与睡眠不足有关的认知和身体损害的有效对策。