BACKGROUND The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus is classified into seven serotypes, of which the South African types have South African Territories (SAT)1, SAT2, and SAT3 that are prevalent in Africa. Especially SAT2 have spread to Arabian Peninsula and the Palestinian Autonomous Territories. Of these viruses, the incidence of SAT2 is the highest. It is important to prepare for the spread of the virus to other continents, even though most FMD viruses are bovine-derived. In particular, due to the high breeding density of pigs in Asia, more attention is usually paid to the immunity and protection of pigs than cattle. For this reason, this study investigated the immunity and protection of pigs against the SAT viruses. METHODS Specific vaccines were developed for SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3 serotypes. These vaccine viruses were designed to be distinguished from the wild-type strain. An immunogenicity test was conducted using these vaccines in both cattle (n = 5/group) and pigs (n = 20/group). RESULTS High virus-neutralizing titer of antibodies (> 1:100) was induced in only 2 weeks after the immunization of cattle with the individual vaccine for SAT1, SAT2 or SAT3, and a clear immune response was induced after the second immunization in pigs. When the vaccinated pigs (n = 4-5/group) were challenged by the homologous wild-type virus strain 4 weeks after immunization, all the pigs were protected from the challenge. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that these vaccines can be used against SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3 viruses in cattle and pigs. The vaccine strains developed in this study are expected to be used as vaccines that can protect against FMD in the event of a future FMD outbreak in pigs in consideration of the situation in Asia.

中文翻译：

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评估猪口蹄疫SAT，SAT 2和SAT 3血清型的新型灭活疫苗。

背景技术口蹄疫（FMD）病毒被分为七种血清型，其中南非类型具有在非洲流行的南非领土（SAT）1，SAT2和SAT3。特别是SAT2已传播到阿拉伯半岛和巴勒斯坦自治领土。在这些病毒中，SAT2的发病率最高。即使大多数口蹄疫病毒是牛源性病毒，也要做好将病毒传播到其他大陆的准备，这一点很重要。特别是，由于亚洲猪的繁殖密度高，通常比牛更重视猪的免疫和保护。因此，本研究调查了猪对SAT病毒的免疫力和保护作用。方法开发了针对SAT1，SAT2和SAT3血清型的特异性疫苗。设计这些疫苗病毒是为了区别于野生株。使用这些疫苗在牛（n = 5 /组）和猪（n = 20 /组）中进行了免疫原性测试。结果用单独的SAT1，SAT2或SAT3疫苗免疫牛后仅两周就诱导了高病毒中和抗体效价（> 1：100），并且在第二次免疫后对猪产生了明显的免疫反应。免疫4周后，当接种的猪（n = 4-5 /组）受到同源野生型病毒株的攻击时，所有猪都受到了保护。结论这项研究证实，这些疫苗可用于牛和猪的SAT1，SAT2和SAT3病毒。