BACKGROUND Proteins encoded by Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) genes have critical roles in the regulation of immune responses. Meanwhile, several lines of evidence support the presence of immune dysfunction in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. METHODS In the present study, we assessed expression levels of SOCS1-3 and SOCS5 genes in peripheral blood of patients with BD and healthy subjects. RESULTS All SOCS genes were up-regulated in patients compared with healthy subjects. However, when comparing patients with sex-matched controls, the significant differences were observed only in the male subjects except for SOCS5 which was up-regulated in both male and female patients compared with the corresponding control subjects. Significant pairwise correlations were found between expression levels of genes in both patients and controls. Based on the area under curve values, SOCS5 had the best performance in the differentiation of disease status in study participants (AUC = 0.92). Combination of four genes increased the specificity of tests and resulted in diagnostic power of 0.93. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data suggest a role for SOCS genes in the pathogenesis of BD especially in the male subjects. Moreover, peripheral expression levels of SOCS genes might be used as a subsection of a panel of diagnostic biomarkers in BD.

中文翻译：

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双相情感障碍患者细胞因子信号基因抑制因子上调的性别二态性。


背景技术由细胞因子信号传导抑制因子(SOCS)基因编码的蛋白质在免疫反应的调节中具有关键作用。与此同时，多项证据支持双相情感障碍（BD）患者存在免疫功能障碍。方法 在本研究中，我们评估了 BD 患者和健康受试者外周血中 SOCS1-3 和 SOCS5 基因的表达水平。结果与健康受试者相比，患者的所有 SOCS 基因均上调。然而，当将患者与性别匹配的对照进行比较时，仅在男性受试者中观察到显着差异，但与相应对照受试者相比，SOCS5在男性和女性患者中均上调。在患者和对照组的基因表达水平之间发现显着的成对相关性。根据曲线下面积值，SOCS5 在区分研究参与者的疾病状态方面表现最佳（AUC = 0.92）。四种基因的组合提高了测试的特异性，诊断能力达到 0.93。结论 综上所述，这些数据表明 SOCS 基因在 BD 发病机制中发挥作用，尤其是在男性受试者中。此外，SOCS 基因的外周表达水平可用作 BD 诊断生物标志物组的一部分。