BACKGROUND The neonatal period is the most vulnerable time for child survival. The declines in the neonatal mortality rate have been slower than the post-neonatal under-five mortality rate in the majority of countries. This trend is also similar in Ethiopia, that neonatal mortality was high as compared to the post-neonatal mortality rate. A large proportion of neonatal deaths occur during the 48 h after delivery. Different studies were conducted in assessing determinates for neonatal mortality but there is a need to assess the immediate postnatal (within 2 days following delivery) cause of neonatal mortality that the majority of deaths occurred at that time. So, this study is to fill those gaps of the aforementioned studies, in assessing the determinate factors affecting neonatal mortality in public hospitals of Gamo and Gofa Zones, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS A prospective follow up study was conducted among 6769 study participants from April 5, 2018, to March 5, 2019. All live births at the hospitals during the study period were included in this study. A structured verbal autopsy questionnaire was used to collect the data on the causes of neonatal death. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 15 for analysis. Crude and adjusted estimate β with 95%CI was calculated in the binary logistic regression model. A log-likelihood ratio (LR) was tested for goodness of fit. In this study P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as a statistically significant association. RESULTS In this study, neonatal mortality incidence ratio was 9.6 (95%CI: 7.5, 12.2) per 1000 live births. Age of the mother, number of antenatal care visits, sex of the neonate, presentation, and gestational age were identified as the significant determinates for neonatal mortality cases. Prematurity, infection, and birth asphyxia were the most common causes of neonatal mortality cases. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that a significant number of neonates died during the neonatal period. Both maternal and neonatal factors were identified. Therefore, early identification of obstetric complications and immediate interventions, strengthening the provision of quality antenatal and postnatal care services are recommended.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚南部加莫和戈法地区公立医院的新生儿死亡率及其决定因素：前瞻性随访研究。

背景技术新生儿期是儿童生存最脆弱的时期。在大多数国家，新生儿死亡率的下降速度慢于五岁以下新生儿的死亡率。在埃塞俄比亚，这一趋势也相似，与新生儿后的死亡率相比，新生儿的死亡率较高。分娩后48小时内，大部分新生儿死亡。在评估新生儿死亡率的决定因素方面进行了不同的研究，但有必要评估大多数死亡发生在出生后立即（出生后2天之内）的新生儿死亡原因。因此，本研究旨在填补上述研究的空白，以评估影响加莫和戈法地区公立医院新生儿死亡率的决定性因素，埃塞俄比亚南部。方法自2018年4月5日至2019年3月5日，对6769名研究参与者进行了一项前瞻性随访研究。研究期间所有医院活产婴儿均包括在本研究中。使用结构化的语言尸检问卷来收集有关新生儿死亡原因的数据。数据输入Epi数据版本3.1，并导出到Stata版本15进行分析。在二元logistic回归模型中计算出具有95％CI的粗略和调整后的估计值β。测试了对数似然比（LR）的拟合优度。在这项研究中，P值<0.05被认为声明结果为具有统计学意义的关联。结果在这项研究中，新生儿死亡率的发生率为每千名活产儿9.6（95％CI：7.5，12.2）。母亲的年龄，产前检查的次数，新生儿的性别，表现和胎龄被确定为新生儿死亡病例的重要决定因素。早产，感染和出生时窒息是新生儿死亡病例的最常见原因。结论这项研究表明，新生儿期间有大量新生儿死亡。孕产妇和新生儿因素都被确定。因此，建议及早发现产科并发症并立即采取干预措施，加强提供优质的产前和产后护理服务。结论这项研究表明，新生儿期间有大量新生儿死亡。孕产妇和新生儿因素都被确定。因此，建议及早发现产科并发症并立即采取干预措施，加强提供优质的产前和产后护理服务。结论这项研究表明，新生儿期间有大量新生儿死亡。孕产妇和新生儿因素都被确定。因此，建议及早发现产科并发症并立即采取干预措施，加强提供优质的产前和产后护理服务。