One-(2-18F-fluoro-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy) methyl-2-nitroimidazole (18F-FRP170) is a marker of hypoxic but viable tissue in the human brain and is used in positron emission tomography (PET).1 Neural tissues showing elevated 18F-FRP170 uptake exist in brain areas with chronic cerebral ischaemia with a combination of increased oxygen extraction fraction, namely misery perfusion and moderately reduced cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) due to atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery.1 These hypoxic neural tissues decrease after cerebral perfusion and restored following carotid endarterectomy, leading to postoperative cognitive improvement after surgery.2 Adults with ischaemic moyamoya disease (MMD) sometimes experience cognitive improvement after revascularisation surgery.3 The present prospective study was aimed to determine whether the resolution of hypoxia in neural tissue and recovery of cerebral oxygen metabolism on PET after revascularisation surgery such as a combination of the superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery anastomosis and encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis are related to postoperatively improved cognition in adults with ischaemic MMD. Patients with the following criteria were prospectively included in this study: (1) bilateral MMD confirmed by angiography via arterial catheterisation; (2) histories of ischaemic symptoms in unilateral carotid artery territory ≤3 months before visiting our hospital; (3) ≥30 years and <60 years; (4) preoperative modified Rankin disability scale, 0 or 1; (5) no cortical infarct or presence of infarcts that did not occupy the entire cortical area …

中文翻译：

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血运重建术可以改善成年烟雾病患者的认知。

3本前瞻性研究旨在确定在进行血管重建手术（例如颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉吻合和脑-硬脑膜-滑膜血管合并）后，PET上神经组织缺氧的分辨率和脑氧代谢的恢复情况。与成人MMD患者术后认知的改善有关。具有以下标准的患者前瞻性地纳入本研究：（1）通过动脉导管造影术证实的双侧MMD；（2）单侧颈动脉区域缺血症状的病史≤3个月，来我院就诊；（3）≥30年且<60年；（4）术前改良兰金氏残疾量表，0或1；（5）没有皮质梗塞或梗塞没有占据整个皮质区域……