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Mechanistic Aspects and Synthetic Applications of Radical Additions to Allenes.
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00312
Lu Liu 1 , Robert M Ward 1 , Jennifer M Schomaker 1
Affiliation  

More than 50 years have passed since Haszeldine reported the first addition of a trifluoromethyl radical to an allene; in the intervening years, both the chemistry of allenes and the reactivity of single-electron species have become topics of intense interest. In this Review, we provide an overview of the fundamentals of radical additions to allenes and highlight the emergence of theoretical and experimental evidence that reveals unique reactivity patterns for radical additions to allenes as compared with other unsaturated compounds. Factors capable of exerting control over the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities of the attack of carbon- and heteroatom-based radicals at each of the three potential reactive sites in an allene substrate are described. These include reaction conditions, the nature of the attacking radical, the substitution pattern of the allene, and the length of the linker between the radical center and the proximal allene carbon in the substrate. Cycloaddition reactions between allenes and partners containing π-bonds, which are likely to proceed through radical pathways, are presented to highlight their ability to rapidly access complex polycyclic scaffolds. Finally, the synthetic utility of the products arising from these chemistries is described, including their applications to the construction of complex molecules.

中文翻译:

烯基自由基加成的机理和合成应用。

自从Haszeldine报道在丙二烯中首次添加三氟甲基自由基以来,已有50多年的历史了。在随后的几年中,丙二烯的化学性质和单电子物种的反应性都成为人们关注的话题。在本综述中,我们提供了对烯丙基自由基加成反应基本原理的概述,并强调了理论和实验证据的出现,这些证据揭示了与其他不饱和化合物相比,对烯丙基自由基加成反应的独特反应模式。描述了能够控制丙二烯底物中三个潜在反应位点的碳基和杂原子基团进攻的化学,区域和立体选择性的因素。这些条件包括反应条件,进攻基团的性质,丙二烯的取代方式以及自由基中心和底物中近端丙二烯碳之间的连接基长度。提出了可能通过自由基途径进行的丙二烯和含有π键的配偶体之间的环加成反应,以突出它们快速进入复杂的多环支架的能力。最后,描述了由这些化学方法产生的产物的合成效用,包括它们在构建复杂分子中的应用。
更新日期:2019-12-13
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