Evidence on the association between physical activity (PA) and adiposity in young children is inconclusive. A systematic review and meta‐analyses were conducted to examine associations between accelerometer‐derived PA and varying adiposity outcomes in preschool children. Searches were conducted in Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science to identify studies on the association between total PA, sedentary behaviour or different PA intensities and adiposity in children aged 2 to 7 years. Separate random effects meta‐analyses were performed for varying PA intensities and adiposity outcomes. Fifty‐six articles were included in the review and 48 in the meta‐analyses. There was substantial evidence of an inverse association between moderate‐to‐vigorous‐ or vigorous PA and body fat percentage (stdβ [SE] = −0.162[0.041]; 5 studies), weight status (r = −0.120, P<.001; 11 studies), fat mass (stdβ [SE] = −0.103[0.051]; 5 studies), fat mass index (stdβ [SE] = −0.121[0.036]; 2 studies) and skinfold thickness (stdβ [SE] = −0.145[0.036]; 4 studies). However, total PA, sedentary behaviour, and different PA intensities were not associated with body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference. Adiposity levels were lower among preschool children engaged in more (moderate‐to‐) vigorous PA compared with their peers, but no associations between PA and BMI or waist circumference were found.

中文翻译：

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揭示学龄前儿童加速计衍生的体力活动与肥胖之间的关联：系统评价和荟萃分析。

关于幼儿体力活动 (PA) 与肥胖之间关系的证据尚无定论。我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以检验加速度计衍生的 PA 与学龄前儿童不同肥胖结果之间的关联。在 Embase、MEDLINE 和 Web of Science 中进行了搜索，以确定关于 2 至 7 岁儿童的总 PA、久坐行为或不同 PA 强度与肥胖之间关系的研究。针对不同的 PA 强度和肥胖结果进行了单独的随机效应荟萃分析。56 篇文章纳入综述，48 篇文章纳入荟萃分析。有大量证据表明，中度至剧烈或剧烈的 PA 与体脂百分比（stdβ [SE] = -0.162[0.041]；5 项研究）、体重状况（r = -0.120，P <.001 ；11 项研究）、脂肪量（stdβ [SE] = -0.103[0.051]；5 项研究）、脂肪量指数（stdβ [SE] = -0.121[0.036]；2 项研究）和皮褶厚度（stdβ [SE] = −0.145[0.036]；4项研究）。然而，总 PA、久坐行为和不同的 PA 强度与体重指数 (BMI) 或腰围无关。与同龄人相比，进行更多（中度至）剧烈体力活动的学龄前儿童的肥胖水平较低，但没有发现体力活动与 BMI 或腰围之间存在关联。