During severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis there is a massive influx of activated neutrophils to the lungs. An exaggerated immune response contributes to lung damage and disease severity during RSV infection. We have previously shown that normal adult neutrophil function can be modulated by agonists of SIRL-1. Here we aimed to measure the potential of two immune checkpoints: SIRL-1 and LAIR-1, to regulate the function of fresh blood and sputum neutrophils from infants with and without severe RSV bronchiolitis. We show a modest inhibition of the oxidative burst through SIRL-1 and LAIR-1, in control and RSV-infected infants. In addition, SIRL-1 and LAIR-1 inhibited neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation by sputum neutrophils of RSV patients. Altogether our data show that inhibitory receptors LAIR-1 and SIRL-1 can be used to regulate neutrophil function.

中文翻译：

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白细胞（SIRL）-1上的信号抑制受体和白细胞相关的免疫球蛋白样受体（LAIR）-1调节婴儿的嗜中性粒细胞功能。

在严重的呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）毛细支气管炎期间，大量的活化中性粒细胞大量流入肺。在RSV感染期间，过度的免疫反应会导致肺部损伤和疾病严重程度。先前我们已经表明，正常的中性粒细胞功能可以通过SIRL-1激动剂来调节。在这里，我们旨在测量潜在的两个免疫检查点：SIRL-1和LAIR-1，以调节患有和不患有严重RSV毛细支气管炎的婴儿的新鲜血液和痰中性粒细胞的功能。我们在对照和受RSV感染的婴儿中显示出通过SIRL-1和LAIR-1对氧化爆发的适度抑制。此外，SIRL-1和LAIR-1抑制了RSV患者痰中性粒细胞的中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NET）的形成。