As environmental protection standards have improved, the reduction of sulfur contained in crude oil and the realization of energy-efficient gasoline desulfurization have become popular research topics. In this study, the optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted oxidative desulfurization of gasoline and crude oil were investigated, the effects of ultrasonic and simple oxidative desulfurization were compared, and the mechanism of the ultrasonic effect was verified. The desulfurization effects were analyzed according to the response surface methodology under different ultrasonic power levels, irradiation times, and oxidant amounts. The maximal desulfurization rate of gasoline was achieved with an ultrasonic power of 400 W, irradiation time of 7 min, and oxidant amount of 8 mL. Meanwhile, the optimal desulfurization effect for crude oil was achieved with an ultrasonic power of 700 W, irradiation time of 10 min, and oxidant amount of 10 mL. The results of the comparison experiments showed that ultrasonic treatment enhanced processing and that ultrasonic-assisted oxidative desulfurization was more effective for crude oil than for gasoline. The results of this study provide valuable reference information for the application of ultrasonic treatment in oil desulfurization.

随着环境保护标准的提高，减少原油中的硫和实现高能效的汽油脱硫已成为热门的研究课题。本研究探讨了汽油和原油超声辅助氧化脱硫的最佳条件，比较了超声和简单氧化脱硫的效果，并验证了超声作用的机理。根据响应面方法，在不同的超声功率水平，辐照时间和氧化剂用量下，对脱硫效果进行了分析。超声功率为400 W，辐照时间为7分钟，氧化剂量为8 mL，可实现汽油的最大脱硫率。同时，超声功率为700 W，辐照时间为10分钟，氧化剂量为10 mL，获得了最佳的原油脱硫效果。比较实验的结果表明，超声处理增强了工艺，超声辅助氧化脱硫对原油比对汽油更有效。这项研究的结果为超声处理在石油脱硫中的应用提供了有价值的参考信息。