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The Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 I404F mutant is hypersensitive and shows flavin reduction even in the absence of light
Planta ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03323-y
Galileo Estopare Araguirang 1, 2 , Nils Niemann 3 , Stephan Kiontke 3 , Maike Eckel 3 , Maribel L Dionisio-Sese 1, 4 , Alfred Batschauer 3
Affiliation  

Main conclusionThe cryptochrome photoreceptor mutant cry2I404F exhibits hyperactivity in the dark, hypersensitivity in different light conditions, and in contrast to the wild-type protein, its flavin chromophore is reducible even in the absence of light.AbstractPlant cryptochromes (cry) are blue-light photoreceptors involved in multiple signaling pathways and various photomorphogenic responses. One biologically hyperactive mutant of a plant cryptochrome that was previously characterized is Arabidopsis cry1L407F (Exner et al. in Plant Physiol 154:1633–1645, 2010). Protein sequence alignments of different cryptochromes revealed that L407 in cry1 corresponds to I404 in cry2. Point mutation of Ile to Phe in cry2 in this position created a novel mutant. The present study provided a baseline data on the elucidation of the properties of cry2I404F. This mutant was still able to bind ATP-triggering conformational changes, as confirmed by partial tryptic digestion and thermo-FAD assays. Surprisingly, the FAD cofactor of cry2I404F was reduced by the addition of reductant even in the absence of light. In vivo, cry2I404F exhibited a cop phenotype in the dark and hypersensitivity to various light conditions compared to cry2 wild type. Overall, these data suggest that the hypersensitivity to red and blue light and hyperactivity of this novel mutant in the dark can be mostly accounted to structural alterations brought forth by the Ile to Phe mutation at position 404 that allows reduction of the flavin chromophore even in the absence of light.

中文翻译:

拟南芥隐花色素 2 I404F 突变体高度敏感,即使在没有光照的情况下也显示出黄素减少

主要结论隐花色素光感受器突变体cry2I404F在黑暗中表现出过度活跃,在不同光照条件下表现出超敏反应,与野生型蛋白质相比,其黄素发色团即使在没有光的情况下也可还原。摘要植物隐花色素(cry)是蓝光光感受器参与多种信号通路和各种光形态反应。先前已表征的植物隐花色素的一种生物高活性突变体是拟南芥 cry1L407F(Exner 等人在 Plant Physiol 154:1633–1645, 2010)。不同隐花色素的蛋白质序列比对显示 cry1 中的 L407 对应于 cry2 中的 I404。在这个位置上,Ile 点突变为 cry2 中的 Phe,创造了一个新的突变体。本研究提供了阐明 cry2I404F 特性的基线数据。如部分胰蛋白酶消化和热FAD测定所证实的,该突变体仍然能够结合触发ATP的构象变化。令人惊讶的是,即使在没有光的情况下,cry2I404F 的 FAD 辅因子也会通过添加还原剂而减少。在体内,与 cry2 野生型相比,cry2I404F 在黑暗中表现出 cop 表型,并且对各种光照条件过敏。总体而言,这些数据表明,这种新型突变体在黑暗中对红光和蓝光的超敏反应和过度活跃主要是由于 Ile 到 404 位的 Phe 突变引起的结构改变,即使在没有光。即使在没有光的情况下,cry2I404F 的 FAD 辅因子也会通过添加还原剂而减少。在体内,与 cry2 野生型相比,cry2I404F 在黑暗中表现出 cop 表型,并且对各种光照条件过敏。总体而言,这些数据表明,这种新型突变体在黑暗中对红光和蓝光的超敏反应和过度活跃主要是由于 Ile 到 404 位的 Phe 突变引起的结构改变,即使在没有光。即使在没有光的情况下,cry2I404F 的 FAD 辅因子也会通过添加还原剂而减少。在体内,与 cry2 野生型相比,cry2I404F 在黑暗中表现出 cop 表型,并且对各种光照条件过敏。总体而言,这些数据表明,这种新型突变体在黑暗中对红光和蓝光的超敏反应和过度活跃主要是由于 Ile 到 404 位的 Phe 突变引起的结构改变,即使在没有光。
更新日期:2019-12-12
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