To enhance the performance of existing dry powders and ensure process security, a new type of dry powder based on ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄) was prepared. The prepared composite superfine dry powder was denoted as NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite in this paper. The effectiveness of commercial ABC dry powder, superfine dry powder, and the NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite in fire suppression were compared in a small‐sized fire‐extinguishing chamber. Laboratory‐scale tests showed that the NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite had considerably superior fire‐extinguishing efficiency to that of commercial ABC dry powder and superfine dry powder, along with shorter average extinguishing time and less average mass of powders consumed. In addition, the NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite also displayed much improved toxic gas suppression ability. The physical and chemical characteristics of commercial ABC dry powder, superfine dry powder, and the NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite were characterized using a range of techniques of laser particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Based on the analysis results, the improved fire suppression performance of the NH₄H₂PO₄/zeolite composite can be ascribed to smaller particle size, larger surface area, and a special chemical decomposition process.

中文翻译：

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新型复合超细干粉的灭火性能

为了增强现有干粉的性能并确保工艺安全性，制备了一种新型的基于磷酸二氢铵（NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄）的干粉。制备的复合超细干粉为NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ /沸石复合材料。在小型灭火室内比较了商用ABC干粉，超细干粉和NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ /沸石复合材料在灭火中的效果。实验室规模的测试表明，NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄/沸石复合材料具有比商用ABC干粉和超细干粉更好的灭火效率，同时平均灭火时间更短，平均消耗的粉尘更少。此外，NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ /沸石复合材料还显示出大大改善的有毒气体抑制能力。市售ABC干粉，超细干粉和NH ₄ H ₂ PO _4的理化特性沸石复合材料使用激光粒度分析，扫描电子显微镜，热重分析和差示扫描量热法等一系列技术进行表征。根据分析结果，可以将NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ /沸石复合材料的防火性能提高归因于较小的粒径，较大的表面积和特殊的化学分解过程。