In this study, a chitosan nanoparticle formulation was synthesized for loading silibinin as a sustained‐release drug system to evaluate its effects on apoptosis in C6 glioma cells. This synthesized nanoparticle was analyzed by measurement methods including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The formation and amorphization of nanoparticle were confirmed by FTIR and XRD analysis, respectively. The mean diameter of silibinin‐loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SCNP) was 50 ± 7 and 188.6 ± 0.17 nm by using FE‐SEM and DLS, respectively. In addition, the positive zeta potential of nanoparticles was +11.5. Rhodamine‐conjugated SCNP analysis showed the internalization of silibinin to C6 glioma cells. The cytotoxicity assay indicated that the nanoformulation of silibinin was toxic to C6 glioma cells. Although SCNP significantly increased the expression of the both apoptotic genes in C6 cells, Bax and caspase3, it did not have any significant effect on the level of the antiapoptotic gene, Bcl2. In contrast, SCNP did not have any toxic effect on H9C2 cells. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that SCNP can be considered as a sustained‐release drug system for future cell‐based therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

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负载水飞蓟宾的壳聚糖纳米颗粒的持续释放诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡。

在这项研究中，合成了一种壳聚糖纳米颗粒制剂，用于负载水飞蓟宾作为缓释药物系统，以评估其对 C6 胶质瘤细胞凋亡的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM)、动态光散射 (DLS)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和差示扫描量热法 (DSC) 等测量方法分析了这种合成的纳米颗粒。 . 分别通过FTIR和XRD分析证实了纳米颗粒的形成和非晶化。通过使用 FE-SEM 和 DLS，负载水飞蓟宾的壳聚糖纳米粒子 (SCNP) 的平均直径分别为 50 ± 7 和 188.6 ± 0.17 nm。此外，纳米粒子的正zeta电位为+11.5。罗丹明缀合的 SCNP 分析显示水飞蓟宾内化到 C6 神经胶质瘤细胞。细胞毒性试验表明，水飞蓟宾的纳米制剂对 C6 神经胶质瘤细胞具有毒性。尽管 SCNP 显着增加了 C6 细胞中两种凋亡基因 Bax 和 caspase3 的表达，但它对抗凋亡基因 Bcl2 的水平没有任何显着影响。相比之下，SCNP 对 H9C2 细胞没有任何毒性作用。总之，目前的研究结果表明，SCNP 可以被视为未来基于细胞的治疗策略的缓释药物系统。SCNP对H9C2细胞没有任何毒性作用。总之，目前的研究结果表明，SCNP 可以被视为未来基于细胞的治疗策略的缓释药物系统。SCNP对H9C2细胞没有任何毒性作用。总之，目前的研究结果表明，SCNP 可以被视为未来基于细胞的治疗策略的缓释药物系统。