The complexity of mammary tissue and the variety of cells involved make tissue regeneration an ambitious goal. This review, supported by both detailed macro and micro anatomy, illustrates the potential of regenerative medicine in terms of mammary gland reconstruction to restore breast physiology and morphology, damaged by mastectomy. Despite the widespread use of conventional therapies, many critical issues have been solved using the potential of stem cells resident in adipose tissue, leading to commercial products. in vitro research has reported that adipose stem cells are the principal cellular source for reconstructing adipose tissue, ductal epithelium, and nipple structures. In addition to simple cell injection, construct made by cells seeded on a suitable biodegradable scaffold is a viable alternative from a long-term perspective. Preclinical studies on mice and clinical studies, most of which have reached Phase II, are essential in the commercialization of cellular therapy products. Recent studies have revealed that the enrichment of fat grafting with stromal vascular fraction cells is a viable alternative to breast reconstruction. Although in the future, organ-on-a-chip can be envisioned, for the moment researchers are still focusing on therapies that are a long way from regenerating the whole organ, but which nevertheless prevent complications, such as relapse and loss in terms of morphology.

中文翻译：

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女性乳房的组织工程和再生医学策略。

乳腺组织的复杂性和所涉及的细胞的多样性使组织再生成为一个雄心勃勃的目标。这项综述由详细的宏观和微观解剖学共同支持，从乳腺重建的角度说明了再生医学在恢复乳房切除术损害的乳房生理和形态方面的潜力。尽管常规疗法的广泛使用，但是利用驻留在脂肪组织中的干细胞的潜力已经解决了许多关键问题，从而产生了商业产品。体外研究报道，脂肪干细胞是重建脂肪组织，导管上皮和乳头结构的主要细胞来源。从简单的角度来看，除了简单的细胞注射外，由接种在合适的可生物降解支架上的细胞制成的构建体也是可行的选择。对小鼠的临床前研究和临床研究，其中大多数已达到II期，对于细胞治疗产品的商业化至关重要。最近的研究表明，用基质血管部分细胞富集脂肪移植是乳房重建的可行替代方法。尽管将来可以设想单片器官，但目前研究人员仍在致力于使整个器官再生很长的疗法，但仍可预防并发症，例如复发和损失。形态学。最近的研究表明，用基质血管部分细胞富集脂肪移植是乳房重建的可行替代方法。尽管将来可以设想单片器官，但目前研究人员仍在致力于使整个器官再生很长的疗法，但仍可预防并发症，例如复发和损失。形态学。最近的研究表明，用间质血管部分细胞富集脂肪移植是乳房重建的可行替代方法。尽管将来可以设想单片器官，但目前研究人员仍在致力于使整个器官再生很长的疗法，但仍可预防并发症，例如复发和损失。形态学。